The development of adaptation aftereffects in the vibrotactile domain.

Sensory adaptation is a feature-specific modulation of neural responses and is potentially fundamental to maximizing perceptual sensitivity. Despite its function being unclear, it has been hypothesized that sensory adaptation modifies the neurons' response codes, increasing the ability to process sensory signals on a larger scale. To better understand how such flexibility of our brain is possible, we investigated the effect of high- and low-frequency vibrotactile adaptation on perceived tactile temporal frequency during childhood, a time known for the brain to experience varying levels of plasticity. We tested tactile temporal frequency discrimination thresholds in both children and adults before and after tactile adaptation. Our results demonstrate that sensory adaptation does not consistently change perceived tactile temporal frequency in younger children as it does in adults, as adult-like trends begin to emerge at around 8 years of age but consolidate only in 10-year-old children. The absence of adaptation aftereffects suggests that, under certain conditions, sensory history does not affect perception in younger children in a similar way to adults. Surprisingly, younger children proved to be less flexible in modulating neural responses after prolonged exposure to an adapting stimulus, a tendency conflicting with the high plasticity levels the brain experiences during the early stages of life. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).