Department of Clinical Nursing, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
J Adv Nurs. 2022 Sep;78(9):2747-2764. doi: 10.1111/jan.15320. Epub 2022 Jun 13.
The aim of this study was to determine what kind of psychosocial interventions aimed at improving the well-being of adult cancer patient caregivers were developed, and to describe the methodological characteristics and clinical effectiveness of the interventions which could be included in the nursing care plans.
Systematic review DATA SOURCES: A systematic search of three databases (PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO) was conducted to identify peer-reviewed papers published between years 2004-2019.
The review was guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute manual for systematic reviews. Data were extracted and appraised by three reviewers using standardized checklists. Narrative synthesis was used to analyse the data.
A total of 37 studies underwent analysis. Most of the studies described psychoeducational interventions, designed for patient-caregiver dyads, delivered face-to-face. There was a great variety in caregiver outcomes and measurement tools used. Even though most studies used a randomized controlled design and standardized intervention protocols, many reported problems with recruitment and attrition. Most studies reported that the intervention improved caregiver outcomes, yet the majority of them failed to report effect sizes.
There are currently a plethora of successful interventions available for cancer patient caregivers which can be included to the nursing care plan. Psychoeducational online interventions which include a social support component may have the best potential in supporting caregivers. It is important to address specific caregiver needs at different cancer stages rather than general needs of caregivers in future interventions.
This review suggests that despite a large number of different interventions which can be included in the nursing care plan to improve the support offered to caregivers, some issues should be addressed while designing an intervention study. The emphasis should be placed on reporting effect sizes, focusing on specific caregiver needs and improving recruitment, retention strategies and sustainability of caregiver interventions.
本研究旨在确定针对改善成年癌症患者照顾者幸福感的心理社会干预措施的类型，并描述可纳入护理计划的干预措施的方法学特征和临床效果。
系统评价。
对三个数据库（PubMed、CINAHL 和 PsycINFO）进行了系统检索，以确定 2004 年至 2019 年期间发表的同行评议论文。
本综述由 Joanna Briggs 研究所系统评价手册指导。使用标准化检查表由三名评审员提取和评估数据。使用叙述性综合分析数据。
共有 37 项研究进行了分析。大多数研究描述了面向患者-照顾者对的心理教育干预措施，以面对面的方式进行。照顾者结局和使用的测量工具种类繁多。尽管大多数研究采用了随机对照设计和标准化的干预方案，但许多研究报告了招募和流失问题。大多数研究报告称干预措施改善了照顾者结局，但大多数研究未能报告效应大小。
目前有大量针对癌症患者照顾者的成功干预措施可纳入护理计划。包括社会支持内容的心理教育在线干预措施可能在支持照顾者方面具有最大的潜力。在未来的干预措施中，关注癌症不同阶段的特定照顾者需求而不是照顾者的一般需求非常重要。
本综述表明，尽管有许多不同的干预措施可纳入护理计划以改善为照顾者提供的支持，但在设计干预研究时应解决一些问题。应重点报告效应大小，关注特定照顾者的需求，并改善照顾者干预措施的招募、保留策略和可持续性。
