Nuclear Research Center, Plant Research Department, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
Nuclear Research Center, Soil and Water Research Department, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt.
Environ Geochem Health. 2023 Feb;45(2):253-265. doi: 10.1007/s10653-022-01302-z. Epub 2022 Jun 13.
Nitrogen (N) fertilizer has been intensively used to improve peanut productivity. However, the high cost of N fertilizer, and the need for sustainable alternative fertilizer sources have increased the strategic importance of nitrogen fixation (NF). Thus, field experiments were conducted in an experimental farm with a drip irrigation system, at the Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas, Egypt, in order to measure the impact of efficiency symbiotic Bradyrhizobium sp. and asymbiotic Azotobacter sp. on NF, from air and soil, in the presence or absence of plant residues on the growth and yield of peanut plant. All treatments received nitrogen fertilizer at a rate of 72 kg N per hectare. Nitrogen dose was applied using ammonium sulphate N labeled of 10% atom excess from the peanut. Results indicated that the application of Bradyrhizobium sp. with plant residues significantly increased fresh and dry weight/m, pod and seed weight/plant,100- seed weight, and biological yield kg ha, where the highest mean values of seed yield (4648 and 4529 kg ha), oil % (52.29 and 52.21%), seed protein percentage (16.09 and 15.89%), as well as nitrogen derived from air (63.14 and 66.20%) in the first and second seasons were recorded under the application of Bradyrhizobium sp, respectively. Bradyrhizobium sp. inoculation showed nearly close portions of Ndfa to those recorded with Azotobacter sp., in both the presence and absence of plant residue application through the two seasons. The investigated yield signs and their properties were significantly enhanced by bacterial inoculation with plant residue application. The present study shows that both possibility of NF of peanut, and nitrogen uptake in the soil are enhanced by field inoculation with effective Bradyrhizobium sp. with plant residue application. In practice, inoculation is a great strategy to improve soil fertility for subsequent planting, since it helps boost the import of nitrogen from plant biomass into the soil.
氮肥（N）被广泛用于提高花生的生产力。然而，由于 N 肥成本高，以及对可持续替代肥料来源的需求增加，固氮（NF）的战略重要性日益增加。因此，在埃及因沙斯的原子能机构的一个滴灌系统实验农场进行了田间试验，以测量共生的慢生根瘤菌（Bradyrhizobium sp.）和非共生固氮菌（Azotobacter sp.）的效率对 NF 的影响，无论是在有植物残体还是没有植物残体的情况下，对花生植株的生长和产量的影响。所有处理均以每公顷 72 公斤 N 的速度施氮。使用标记有 10%原子过量的硫酸铵 N 施氮肥，其氮来自花生。结果表明，与植物残体一起应用慢生根瘤菌显著增加了鲜重和干重/米、荚果和种子重量/株、百粒重和生物产量 kg ha，其中第一季和第二季的种子产量（4648 和 4529 公斤/公顷）、油分（52.29 和 52.21%）、种子蛋白百分比（16.09 和 15.89%）以及空气来源氮（63.14 和 66.20%）的最高平均值均在应用慢生根瘤菌的情况下记录。在第一季和第二季中，慢生根瘤菌接种的 Ndfa 几乎与添加植物残体的固氮菌接种的 Ndfa 接近。通过两个季节的试验，添加植物残体的情况下，细菌接种对产量指标及其特性的提高效果均较为显著。本研究表明，在添加植物残体的情况下，通过田间接种有效慢生根瘤菌，可以提高花生的固氮能力和土壤中的氮吸收。在实践中，接种是提高土壤肥力以促进后续种植的重要策略，因为它有助于增加从植物生物量向土壤中输入氮。
