Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Service de Pneumologie, Centre de Competences de Maladies Pulmonaires Rares, CHU de Caen UNICAEN, CEA, CNRS, ISTCT/CERVOxy Group, GIP CYCERON, Normandie University, 14000, Caen, France.
Hum Genomics. 2022 Jun 13;16(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s40246-022-00393-0.
The increased resolution of single-cell RNA-sequencing technologies has led to major breakthroughs and improved our understanding of the normal and pathologic conditions of multiple tissues and organs. In the study of parenchymal lung disease, single-cell RNA-sequencing has better delineated known cell populations and identified novel cells and changes in cellular phenotypes and gene expression patterns associated with disease. In this review, we aim to highlight the advances and insights that have been made possible by applying these technologies to two seemingly very different lung diseases: fibrotic interstitial lung diseases, a group of relentlessly progressive lung diseases leading to pulmonary fibrosis, and COVID-19 pneumonia, an acute viral disease with life-threatening complications, including pulmonary fibrosis. We discuss changes in cell populations and gene expression, highlighting potential common features, such as alveolar cell epithelial injury and aberrant repair and monocyte-derived macrophage populations, as well as relevance and implications to mechanisms of disease and future directions.
单细胞 RNA 测序技术的分辨率提高，带来了重大突破，增进了我们对多种组织和器官的正常和病理状态的理解。在实质性肺疾病的研究中，单细胞 RNA 测序更好地描绘了已知的细胞群，并确定了与疾病相关的新型细胞以及细胞表型和基因表达模式的变化。在这篇综述中，我们旨在强调通过将这些技术应用于两种看似非常不同的肺部疾病：纤维化间质性肺疾病，一组导致肺纤维化的进行性肺部疾病，以及 COVID-19 肺炎，一种急性病毒性疾病，伴有危及生命的并发症，包括肺纤维化，所取得的进展和见解。我们讨论了细胞群体和基因表达的变化，突出了潜在的共同特征，如肺泡细胞上皮损伤和异常修复以及单核细胞衍生的巨噬细胞群体，以及对疾病机制和未来方向的相关性和意义。
