Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
Carbohydr Polym. 2022 Sep 1;291:119670. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119670. Epub 2022 May 28.
Carbohydrate-based nanofibrils, including cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and chitin nanofibrils (ChNFs) are highly ordered architectures which are the basis of various biological components with hierarchical features, low-cost, biocompatibility, and biofunctionality. To preserve these exceptional structural topographies and to directly use these natural nanofibrils assembly, different approaches have been introduced to exfoliate these nanofibrils from their origin. In this review, we aim to summarize the recent progress on the isolation methods of CNFs and ChNFs and their relation to their physical and chemical properties. In addition, recent studies on their biomedical applications, focusing on tissue engineering, wound dressing, biomedical implants, drug delivery, and biosensors are emphasized. After short evaluation of the toxicity and immunogenicity of these nanofibrils, the outlooks and current challenges of CNFs and ChNFs-based constructs for biomedical applications are summarized. This study shows that CNFs and ChNFs-based constructs have significant potential for a widespread biomedical application in the future.
碳水化合物基纳米纤维，包括纤维素纳米纤维 (CNFs) 和壳聚糖纳米纤维 (ChNFs)，是具有层次特征、低成本、生物相容性和生物功能性的各种生物成分的基础，其结构高度有序。为了保持这些特殊的结构形貌，并直接使用这些天然纳米纤维的组装，已经引入了不同的方法来从其起源处剥离这些纳米纤维。在这篇综述中，我们旨在总结 CNFs 和 ChNFs 的分离方法的最新进展及其与它们的物理和化学性质的关系。此外，还强调了它们在组织工程、伤口敷料、生物医学植入物、药物输送和生物传感器等生物医学应用方面的最新研究。在对这些纳米纤维的毒性和免疫原性进行简短评估后，总结了基于 CNFs 和 ChNFs 的构建体在生物医学应用中的展望和当前挑战。这项研究表明，基于 CNFs 和 ChNFs 的构建体在未来具有广泛的生物医学应用潜力。
