Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Gondar Institute of Public Health, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Tach Armachio Health Office, Amhara, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2022 Jun 14;17(6):e0269918. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269918. eCollection 2022.
Scabies is a major global public health issue that might affect people from all socioeconomic levels. Globally, scabies affects more than 200 million people at any time. It remains one of the commonest skin diseases seen in developing countries including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of scabies among school-age children in Central Armachiho district, Northwest Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from August to September 2020. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 850 study populations. Data was checked for its completeness, coded, and entered by using EPI-INFO version 7 and exported to the SPSS version 20 for analysis. A Binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify the determinants of scabies. Crude odds ratio (COR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% CI were used as measurements for the associations. P-values <0.005 were considered significant.
Prevalence of scabies among the 850 participants studied was 10.82% (95% CI: 8.7-12.9). Contact history with confirmed scabies patient (AOR = 5.28,95% CI: 2.96-9.44), child not attending school (AOR = 3.08, 95% CI;1.45-6.54), rarely changing clothes (AOR = 2.43,95% CI: 1.27-4.62), sleeping on the floor (AOR = 4.11, 95% CI:1.95-8.67), bed sharing; (AOR = 3.38, 95% CI:2.86-6.15), rarely washing cloth: (AOR = 5.08,95% CI:2.75-9.36), living with internally displaced people; (AOR,95% CI: 3.47 (1.30-9.24) and using only water to wash hands; (AOR = 3.18,95% CI:1.74-5.80) had a statistically significant association with scabies infestation among school-age children.
The current study found nearly one out of ten school-age children had scabies. Not attended school, contact history with confirmed scabies patient, not washing cloth, infrequent changing clothes, bedding sharing, sleeping on the floor, living with internally displaced people, and only using water for handwashing practice were the independent predictors for the occurrence of scabies. Health education better to given to the parents or caregivers about the washing of clothing, changing clothes at least once per week, and avoid physical contact with known scabies cases.
疥疮是一个重大的全球公共卫生问题，可能影响到各个社会经济阶层的人群。在全球范围内，疥疮随时影响着超过 2 亿人。它仍然是包括埃塞俄比亚在内的发展中国家最常见的皮肤病之一。因此，本研究旨在评估中阿玛奇霍地区学龄儿童中疥疮的患病率和决定因素。
这是一项 2020 年 8 月至 9 月进行的基于社区的横断面研究。采用多阶段抽样技术选择了 850 名研究人群。使用 EPI-INFO 版本 7 检查数据的完整性，对数据进行编码并输入，然后将数据导出到 SPSS 版本 20 进行分析。使用二元逻辑回归模型来确定疥疮的决定因素。使用粗比值比（COR）和调整比值比（AOR）以及 95%置信区间（CI）来衡量关联。P 值<0.005 被认为具有统计学意义。
在所研究的 850 名参与者中，疥疮的患病率为 10.82%（95%CI：8.7-12.9）。与确诊疥疮患者有接触史（AOR=5.28，95%CI：2.96-9.44）、儿童不上学（AOR=3.08，95%CI：1.45-6.54）、很少换衣服（AOR=2.43，95%CI：1.27-4.62）、睡在地板上（AOR=4.11，95%CI：1.95-8.67）、与他人共用床铺（AOR=3.38，95%CI：2.86-6.15）、很少洗衣服（AOR=5.08，95%CI：2.75-9.36）、与境内流离失所者同住（AOR，95%CI：3.47（1.30-9.24）和只用清水洗手（AOR=3.18，95%CI：1.74-5.80）与学龄儿童的疥疮感染有统计学显著关联。
本研究发现，近十分之一的学龄儿童患有疥疮。未上学、与确诊疥疮患者有接触史、不洗衣服、不常换衣服、共用被褥、睡在地板上、与境内流离失所者同住以及只用清水洗手是疥疮发生的独立预测因素。应向父母或照顾者提供有关洗衣、每周至少换一次衣服和避免与已知疥疮病例身体接触的健康教育。
