Department of ENT (Audiology Unit), Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Egypt.
Department of Pediatrics, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Egypt.
Pediatr Diabetes. 2022 Nov;23(7):1080-1087. doi: 10.1111/pedi.13383. Epub 2022 Jun 18.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that affects many body systems, including the nervous and auditory systems. It is noted that there is a scarcity of research on the effect of diabetes on cognitive functions in particular and auditory functions in general in children with type 1 diabetes. Therefore, this study was designed to assess cognitive and auditory functions in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and to correlate the reflection of diabetes control on cognitive functions.
This study is a case-control study that included 100 children divided into two groups, the patient group, which includes 50 children with type 1 diabetes, and the control group, which consists of 50 healthy children. Subjects in the current study were submitted to pure tone audiometry, speech recognition threshold test, immittancemetry study, and measurement of cortical auditory evoked and P300 potentials (CAEPs and P300). These audiometric measures were statistically analyzed and correlated with the clinical characteristics of the study group.
The latency of P300 and CAEPs was significantly increased while the amplitude of P300 and CAEPs was significantly decreased in the patient group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). P300 and CAEPs latency has a positive correlation with HbA1c levels (r = 0.460). In addition, there was significant differences between the two groups regarding the hearing threshold at 8000 Hz, and 28% of patients had bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) at 8 kHz.
The prolonged P300 and CAEPs latency and decreased amplitude in patients indicate a cognitive decline in individuals with type 1 diabetes compared to healthy individuals. HbA1c levels may increase the risk of cognitive impairment in children. In addition, the risk of bilateral SNHL increased at 8 kHz in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
背景/目的：糖尿病是一种影响多个身体系统的慢性疾病，包括神经系统和听觉系统。值得注意的是，目前关于糖尿病对儿童认知功能特别是听觉功能的影响的研究很少。因此，本研究旨在评估 1 型糖尿病儿童的认知和听觉功能，并探讨糖尿病控制对认知功能的影响。
这是一项病例对照研究，共纳入 100 名儿童，分为两组：患者组 50 名 1 型糖尿病患儿，对照组 50 名健康儿童。本研究对象接受纯音测听、言语识别阈测试、声导抗测试以及皮层听觉诱发电位和 P300 测试（CAEPs 和 P300）。对这些听力测量结果进行了统计学分析，并与研究组的临床特征进行了相关性分析。
与对照组相比，患者组的 P300 和 CAEPs 潜伏期明显延长，而 P300 和 CAEPs 振幅明显降低（p<0.001）。P300 和 CAEPs 潜伏期与 HbA1c 水平呈正相关（r=0.460）。此外，两组在 8000Hz 的听力阈值以及 28%的患者在 8kHz 时出现双侧感音神经性听力损失（SNHL）方面存在显著差异。
与健康个体相比，1 型糖尿病患者的 P300 和 CAEPs 潜伏期延长和振幅降低表明其认知能力下降。HbA1c 水平可能会增加儿童认知障碍的风险。此外，1 型糖尿病儿童在 8kHz 时双侧 SNHL 的风险增加。
