Wilkie David, Shaw Ellen, Rotberg Fiona, Morelli Gilda, Auzel Philippe
Boston College, 18 Clark Lane, Waltham, MA 02451-1823, U.S.A., email
Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, U.S.A.
Conserv Biol. 2000 Dec 18;14(6):1614-1622. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2000.99102.x.
Road density is closely linked to market accessibility, economic growth, natural resource exploitation, habitat fragmentation, deforestation, and the disappearance of wildlands and wildlife. Research in the Republic of Congo shows that roads established and maintained by logging concessions intensify bushmeat hunting by providing hunters greater access to relatively unexploited populations of forest wildlife and by lowering hunters' costs to transport bushmeat to market. Reconciling the contrary effects of roads on economic development and biodiversity conservation is one of the key challenges to wildlife managers in all nations. As the Democratic Republic of Congo prepares to reconstruct its almost completely collapsed road system, the government, donors, and conservation organizations have a unique opportunity to strategically prioritize investment in segments of the network that would maximize local and national economic benefits while minimizing adverse effects on forest wildlife.
道路密度与市场可达性、经济增长、自然资源开发、栖息地破碎化、森林砍伐以及荒野和野生动物的消失密切相关。刚果共和国的研究表明，由伐木特许权建立和维护的道路，通过为猎人提供更多机会接触相对未被开发的森林野生动物种群，并降低猎人将丛林肉运输到市场的成本，加剧了丛林肉狩猎。协调道路对经济发展和生物多样性保护的相反影响，是所有国家野生动物管理者面临的关键挑战之一。随着刚果民主共和国准备重建其几乎完全崩溃的道路系统，政府、捐助者和保护组织有一个独特的机会，从战略上优先投资于网络中的某些路段，以在使对森林野生动物的不利影响最小化的同时，最大化地方和国家的经济效益。
