Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250061, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 25;20(5):4154. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20054154.
The ecological impacts of the construction and operation of the main transport infrastructure on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau cannot be disregarded. Based on different sections, buffers, bilateral sides, and periods, the authors of this study explored the ecological changes along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway through an integrated analysis of the landscape fragmentation index and ecological service value calculation from 2000 to 2020, as well as the influencing factors of differentiated trends, using multinomial logistic regression. It was discovered that there was heterogeneity among the sections, buffers, and bilateral sides in both the landscape fragmentation index and the ecological service value. It was also found that there was recoverability in the operation period, compared to the construction period. The negative correlation between the landscape fragmentation index and the ecological service value was only significant in 2020, which was not enough to fully explain the negative effect between them. Distinct human and natural circumstances have resulted in different consequences. However, regions far away from the main settlement areas, and with lower population densities, could aid in the simultaneous recovery of the ecological service value and landscape fragmentation index. According to these findings, prior studies may have exaggerated the ecological impact of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. However, it should be highlighted that, in a location with a delicate ecological environment, it is still crucial to consider regional development, infrastructure construction, and ecological protection synchronously.
青藏高原主交通基础设施建设和运营的生态影响不容忽视。本研究基于不同路段、缓冲区、两侧和时期，通过整合分析 2000 年至 2020 年的景观破碎化指数和生态服务价值计算，以及使用多项逻辑回归分析差异化趋势的影响因素，探讨了青藏铁路沿线的生态变化。研究发现，景观破碎化指数和生态服务价值在路段、缓冲区和两侧均存在异质性。与建设时期相比，运营时期具有可恢复性。2020 年，景观破碎化指数与生态服务价值之间仅存在负相关关系，这不足以充分解释它们之间的负效应。不同的人为和自然环境导致了不同的后果。然而，远离主要聚居区且人口密度较低的地区可能有助于同时恢复生态服务价值和景观破碎化指数。根据这些发现，先前的研究可能夸大了青藏铁路的生态影响。然而，需要强调的是，在生态环境脆弱的地区，仍然需要考虑区域发展、基础设施建设和生态保护的同步性。
