College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, 425 N 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004.
College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, 425 N 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
J Sch Health. 2022 Sep;92(9):907-915. doi: 10.1111/josh.13197. Epub 2022 Jun 15.
The Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act (HHFKA) of 2010 supported implementation of school gardens for promoting fruit and vegetable consumption. We examined school garden prevalence over time by school-level factors during the period before and after the implementation of HHFKA.
Using data from the New Jersey Child Health Study, conducted in 4 low-income New Jersey cities, prevalence of school gardens among K-12 schools (n = 148) was assessed between school year 2010-2011 and 2017-2018. Multivariable analysis estimated changes in garden prevalence over time adjusting for school-level factors.
Overall, the sample included 97 elementary and 51 middle/high schools. Multivariable logistic regression showed that compared to 2010-2011 (19%) a higher proportion of schools reported having a garden in 2013-2014 (32%, p = 0.025). Over the entire study period, schools with majority Hispanic student enrollment had approximately half the odds of having a garden compared to schools with majority Black students (p = 0.036).
School garden prevalence increased in the year immediately following the implementation of the HHFKA but this increase was not sustained over time. Future research should investigate the reasons for this decline and potential disparities by race/ethnicity.
2010 年的《健康无饥饿儿童法案》（HHFKA）支持实施学校花园，以促进水果和蔬菜的消费。在此期间，我们通过学校层面的因素，考察了 HHFKA 实施前后学校花园的流行情况。
利用新泽西州儿童健康研究的数据，该研究在新泽西州的 4 个低收入城市进行，评估了 2010-2011 学年至 2017-2018 学年期间 K-12 学校中学校花园的流行率。多变量分析通过调整学校层面的因素，估计了花园流行率随时间的变化。
总体而言，样本包括 97 所小学和 51 所中学/高中。多变量逻辑回归显示，与 2010-2011 年（19%）相比，2013-2014 年报告有花园的学校比例更高（32%，p=0.025）。在整个研究期间，拥有多数西班牙裔学生的学校拥有花园的可能性大约是拥有多数黑人学生的学校的一半（p=0.036）。
在 HHFKA 实施后的那一年，学校花园的流行率有所增加，但这种增加并没有持续下去。未来的研究应该调查这种下降的原因以及种族/民族方面的潜在差异。
