College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
J Nurs Manag. 2022 Oct;30(7):2194-2206. doi: 10.1111/jonm.13723. Epub 2022 Jun 29.
The aim of this review was to explore literature from January 2017 to December 2021 for specific aspects of care ethics related to nursing workload in the acute care setting.
High nursing workload is associated with adverse outcomes for nurses as well as patients. Nursing workload goes beyond patient-to-nurse ratios and encompasses patient, nurse and organizational factors.
This qualitative systematic review was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis. The four features of care ethics related to nursing workload guided the review of qualitative studies in MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO, and synthesized findings were presented in the four phases of caring.
Key issues include ethical dilemmas, time pressure, shared moral burden and managerial support.
To reduce nursing workload, a care ethics perspective can provide solutions through fortifying interprofessional relationships and enhancing empathetic actions.
Situational, individual and team approaches to management allows for incorporation of personal values and ethics of care to support patient-centred care. Leadership initiating conversations and being proactive about workload can lead to an improved work environment for both the nurse and the nurse manager.
本综述旨在探讨 2017 年 1 月至 2021 年 12 月期间与急性护理环境中护理工作量相关的护理伦理文献，从特定方面进行分析。
高护理工作量与护士和患者的不良后果相关。护理工作量不仅涉及护士与患者的比例，还涵盖患者、护士和组织因素。
本定性系统综述根据乔安娜·布里格斯研究所证据综合手册进行。与护理工作量相关的护理伦理的四个特征指导了对 MEDLINE、CINAHL 和 PsycINFO 中定性研究的综述，并在关怀的四个阶段呈现了综合发现。
关键问题包括伦理困境、时间压力、共同的道德负担和管理支持。
为了减少护理工作量，护理伦理视角可以通过加强跨专业关系和增强同理心来提供解决方案。
管理的情境、个体和团队方法允许将个人价值观和关怀伦理纳入其中，以支持以患者为中心的护理。领导主动发起对话并积极处理工作量，可以改善护士和护理经理的工作环境。
