Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Av. Nuestra Señora de la Victoria 16, 22700, Jaca, Huesca, Spain.
Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals (BEECA), Secció de Botànica i Micologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
New Phytol. 2022 Sep;235(6):2406-2423. doi: 10.1111/nph.18309. Epub 2022 Jul 13.
The analysis of plant elemental composition and the underlying factors affecting its variation are a current hot topic in ecology. Ecological adaptation to atypical soils may shift plant elemental composition. However, no previous studies have evaluated its relevance against other factors such as phylogeny, climate or individual soil conditions. We evaluated the effect of the phylogeny, environment (climate, soil), and affinity to gypsum soils on the elemental composition of 83 taxa typical of Iberian gypsum ecosystems. We used a new statistical procedure (multiple phylogenetic variance decomposition, MPVD) to decompose total explained variance by different factors across all nodes in the phylogenetic tree of target species (covering 120 million years of Angiosperm evolution). Our results highlight the relevance of phylogeny on the elemental composition of plants both at early (with the development of key preadaptive traits) and recent divergence times (diversification of the Iberian gypsum flora concurrent with Iberian gypsum deposit accumulation). Despite the predominant phylogenetic effect, plant adaptation to gypsum soils had a strong impact on the elemental composition of plants, particularly on sulphur concentrations, while climate and soil effects were smaller. Accordingly, we detected a convergent evolution of gypsum specialists from different lineages on increased sulphur and magnesium foliar concentrations.
分析植物元素组成及其变化的影响因素是当前生态学的一个热点。植物对非典型土壤的生态适应可能会改变其元素组成。然而，以前的研究尚未评估其与其他因素（如系统发育、气候或个体土壤条件）的相关性。我们评估了系统发育、环境（气候、土壤）以及对石膏土壤的亲和力对 83 种典型伊比利亚石膏生态系统物种元素组成的影响。我们使用了一种新的统计程序（多系统发育方差分解，MPVD），以分解目标物种系统发育树中所有节点的总解释方差（涵盖被子植物进化的 1.2 亿年）。我们的研究结果强调了系统发育对植物元素组成的重要性，这既体现在早期（具有关键的预适应特征的发展），也体现在近期的分化时间（伊比利亚石膏植物群的多样化与伊比利亚石膏矿床的积累同时发生）。尽管系统发育的影响占主导地位，但植物对石膏土壤的适应对植物的元素组成有很大的影响，特别是对硫浓度的影响，而气候和土壤的影响较小。因此，我们发现来自不同谱系的石膏专性植物在叶片硫和镁浓度上表现出趋同进化。
