Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review Team, Nutrition Guidance and Analysis Division, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, Food and Nutrition Service, USDA, Alexandria, VA, USA.
Panum Group, Bethesda, MD, USA.
J Nutr. 2022 Aug 9;152(8):1823-1830. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxac140.
The Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review (NESR) team conducts nutrition- and public health-related systematic reviews and is within the USDA's Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion. NESR has collaborated with scientific experts to conduct systematic reviews on nutrition and public health topics for more than a decade and is uniquely positioned to share recommendations with the research community to strengthen research quality and impact, especially the evidence base that supports public health nutrition guidance, including future editions of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Leveraging the expertise of NESR and its systematic review process resulted in the following recommendations for the research community: a) use the strongest study design feasible with sufficient sample size(s); b) enroll study participants who reflect the diversity of the population of interest and report participant characteristics; c) use valid and reliable dietary assessment methods; d) describe the interventions or exposures of interest and use standard definitions to promote consistency; e) use valid and reliable health outcome measures; f) account for variables that may impact the relationship between nutrition-related interventions or exposures and health outcomes; g) carry out studies for a sufficient duration and include repeated measures, as appropriate; and h) report all relevant information to inform accurate interpretation and evaluation of study results. Implementing these recommendations can strengthen nutrition and public health evidence and increase its utility in future public health nutrition systematic reviews. However, implementation will require additional support from the entire research community, including scientific journals and funding agencies.
营养证据系统评价（NESR）团队进行营养和公共卫生相关的系统评价，隶属于美国农业部营养政策和推广中心。NESR 与科学专家合作，对营养和公共卫生主题进行了十多年的系统评价，并且具有独特的优势，可以向研究界分享建议，以加强研究质量和影响力，特别是支持公共卫生营养指导的证据基础，包括《美国人饮食指南》的未来版本。利用 NESR 的专业知识及其系统评价过程，为研究界提出了以下建议：a）使用最强大的研究设计，并具有足够的样本量；b）招募反映目标人群多样性的研究参与者，并报告参与者特征；c）使用有效和可靠的饮食评估方法；d）描述感兴趣的干预措施或暴露情况，并使用标准定义以促进一致性；e）使用有效和可靠的健康结果衡量标准；f）考虑可能影响营养相关干预措施或暴露与健康结果之间关系的变量；g）进行足够时间的研究，并酌情包括重复测量；h）报告所有相关信息，以准确解释和评估研究结果。实施这些建议可以加强营养和公共卫生证据，并提高其在未来公共卫生营养系统评价中的实用性。然而，实施这些建议需要整个研究界的额外支持，包括科学期刊和资助机构。
