School of Psychology, University of Sydney.
Emotion. 2023 Aug;23(5):1501-1505. doi: 10.1037/emo0001073. Epub 2022 Jun 16.
The Extended Process model of Emotion Regulation outlines the processes people use to influence the timing and type of emotions they have. The current study applies this model to extrinsic regulation (regulating others' emotions). In a 2x2 between-subjects design, we examine how the target person's emotion (anger/anxiety), and target/regulator closeness (close/distant) interact to predict the regulator's intention to regulate, regulation process choice, evaluation of regulation success (regulation self-efficacy), and empathy toward the target. Participants ( = 266) were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 conditions to read 3 vignettes where a close/distant target expressed anger/anxiety. Compared to distant targets, close targets elicited significantly greater intention to regulate, social sharing (but not humor, reappraisal, or distancing), self-efficacy of implementation and empathy. There was no support for emotion type or emotion-by-closeness hypotheses. We conclude that closeness but not emotion type affects emotion regulation at all 3 stages of the Extended Process model of Emotion Regulation. Future research could include the effect of closeness on additional processes (such as direct situation modification, or giving space). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
情绪调节的扩展过程模型概述了人们用来影响情绪发生时间和类型的过程。本研究将该模型应用于外在调节（调节他人的情绪）。在一个 2x2 的被试间设计中，我们考察了目标人的情绪（愤怒/焦虑）和目标/调节者的亲近程度（亲近/疏远）如何相互作用，以预测调节者的调节意图、调节过程选择、对调节成功的评价（调节自我效能感）以及对目标的同理心。参与者（n=266）被随机分配到 4 个条件中的 1 个，阅读 3 个情境描述，其中一个亲近/疏远的目标表达了愤怒/焦虑。与疏远的目标相比，亲近的目标会引发更强烈的调节意图、社会分享（但不是幽默、重新评价或保持距离）、实施的自我效能感和同理心。没有证据支持情绪类型或情绪-亲近性假设。我们的结论是，亲近程度而不是情绪类型会影响情绪调节扩展模型的所有 3 个阶段。未来的研究可以包括亲近程度对其他过程（如直接情境修改或给予空间）的影响。
