Institute of Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Institute of Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Physiotherapy. 2022 Sep;116:108-118. doi: 10.1016/j.physio.2022.03.003. Epub 2022 Mar 23.
Aquatic exercise therapy is used for the treatment and management of chronic low back pain (CLBP). However, to the authors' knowledge, no studies to date have compared muscle activity between different aquatic exercises performed by people with CLBP. As such, this study assessed and compared muscle activity, pain, perceived exertion and exercise intensity between different rehabilitative aquatic exercises.
Cross-sectional.
A 25-m indoor swimming pool within a university building.
Twenty participants with non-specific CLBP.
Twenty-six aquatic exercises in shallow water (1.25-m depth). Muscle activity was quantified bilaterally for the erector spinae, multifidus, gluteus maximus and medius, rectus abdominis, and external and internal obliques.
Mean and peak muscle activity, pain (visual analogue scale), perceived exertion (Borg scale) and exercise intensity (heart rate).
Hip abduction/adduction and extension/flexion exercises produced higher activity for gluteal muscles. Variations of squat exercises increased the activity of back extensors. Higher abdominal muscle activity was produced with exercises that made use of buoyancy equipment and included leg and trunk movements while floating on the back, and with some proprioceptive and dynamic lower limb exercises. Pain occurrence and intensity were very low, with 17 exercises being pain free.
This study provides evidence on trunk and gluteal muscle activity, pain, intensity and perceived exertion for people with CLBP performing aquatic exercises. The findings may be useful when prescribing exercises for rehabilitation, as physiotherapists seek to implement progression in effort and muscle activity, variation in exercise type, and may wish to target or avoid particular muscles. CONTRIBUTION OF THE PAPER.
水中运动疗法用于治疗和管理慢性下腰痛（CLBP）。然而，据作者所知，迄今为止尚无研究比较过 CLBP 患者进行的不同水中运动的肌肉活动。因此，本研究评估并比较了不同康复性水中运动的肌肉活动、疼痛、感知用力和运动强度。
横断面研究。
大学建筑内的 25 米室内游泳池。
20 名非特异性 CLBP 患者。
在浅水区进行了 26 项水中运动（水深 1.25 米）。双侧定量评估了竖脊肌、多裂肌、臀大肌和中肌、腹直肌以及腹外斜肌和腹内斜肌的肌肉活动。
平均和峰值肌肉活动、疼痛（视觉模拟评分）、感知用力（Borg 量表）和运动强度（心率）。
髋关节外展/内收和伸展/屈曲运动产生了更高的臀肌活动。深蹲运动的变化增加了背部伸肌的活动。使用浮力设备进行的运动以及包括腿部和躯干运动的漂浮在背部的运动，以及一些本体感受和动态下肢运动，产生了更高的腹肌活动。疼痛发生和强度非常低，17 项运动无疼痛。
本研究为 CLBP 患者进行水中运动提供了关于躯干和臀肌活动、疼痛、强度和感知用力的证据。当治疗师寻求增加努力和肌肉活动的进展、运动类型的变化，并且可能希望针对或避免特定肌肉时，这些发现可能会很有用。
论文的贡献。
