Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Am J Perinatol. 2022 Oct;29(14):1489-1495. doi: 10.1055/a-1877-5880. Epub 2022 Jun 16.
This study aimed to characterize attitudes toward novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and to evaluate factors associated with vaccine uptake among pregnant individuals.
An anonymous survey was distributed to a convenience sample of pregnant individuals receiving prenatal care at two large urban academic hospitals in a single health care network in Massachusetts. Individual demographic variables were included in the survey along with questions assessing attitudes toward COVID-19 and vaccination in pregnancy. Data were analyzed using parametric or nonparametric tests when appropriate, and associated odds ratios (OR) were calculated via univariable logistic regression.
There were 684 surveys distributed, and 477 pregnant and postpartum individuals completed the survey, for a response rate of 69.7%. Overall, 233 (49.3%) had received or were scheduled to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Age, White race, non-Hispanic or Latinx ethnicity, working from home, and typical receipt of the influenza vaccine were associated with COVID-19 vaccination. Further, 276 respondents (58.4%) reported that their provider recommended the COVID-19 vaccine in pregnancy; these participants were more likely to have received a vaccine (OR = 5.82, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.68-9.26, < 0.005). Vaccinated individuals were less likely to be worried about the effects of the vaccine on themselves (OR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.12-0.27, < 0.005) or their developing babies (OR = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.11-0.26, < 0.005). Unvaccinated individuals were less likely to report that it is easy to schedule a COVID-19 vaccine (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.34-0.93, = 0.02), to travel to receive a vaccine (OR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.10-0.36, < 0.005), and to miss work to receive a vaccine (OR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.18-0.48, < 0.005).
Strategies are needed to improve patient education regarding vaccine side effects and safety in pregnancy. Policy changes should focus on making it feasible for patients to schedule a vaccine and miss work without loss of pay to get vaccinated.
· There were racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 vaccination.. · Unvaccinated respondents were more likely to be concerned about vaccine effects for themselves or their growing babies.. · Unvaccinated respondents cited work and scheduling-related barriers to vaccination, indicating areas for advocacy..
本研究旨在描述人们对 2019 年新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫苗的态度，并评估与孕妇疫苗接种率相关的因素。
这项研究采用便利抽样的方法，向在马萨诸塞州一个单一医疗网络中的两家大型城市学术医院接受产前护理的孕妇分发了一份匿名调查问卷。调查问卷中包含了个体人口统计学变量，以及评估 COVID-19 和妊娠期间疫苗接种态度的问题。当合适时，使用参数或非参数检验进行数据分析，并通过单变量逻辑回归计算相关的优势比（OR）。
共发放了 684 份调查问卷，有 477 名孕妇和产后妇女完成了调查，应答率为 69.7%。总体而言，233 名（49.3%）已接种或计划接种 COVID-19 疫苗。年龄、白种人、非西班牙裔或拉丁裔、在家工作以及通常接种流感疫苗与 COVID-19 疫苗接种有关。此外，276 名受访者（58.4%）报告称，他们的医生在怀孕期间推荐了 COVID-19 疫苗；这些参与者更有可能接种疫苗（OR=5.82，95%置信区间[CI]：3.68-9.26， < 0.005）。接种疫苗的个体不太担心疫苗对自己（OR=0.18，95%CI：0.12-0.27， < 0.005）或其发育中的婴儿（OR=0.17，95%CI：0.11-0.26， < 0.005）的影响。未接种疫苗的个体不太可能报告说，预约 COVID-19 疫苗很容易（OR=0.56，95%CI：0.34-0.93， = 0.02）、愿意前往接种疫苗（OR=0.19，95%CI：0.10-0.36， < 0.005）或因接种疫苗而请假（OR=0.30，95%CI：0.18-0.48， < 0.005）。
需要制定策略来提高孕妇对疫苗副作用和安全性的教育。政策改革应侧重于使患者能够预约疫苗接种并请假而不扣工资，以接种疫苗。
· COVID-19 疫苗接种存在种族和民族差异。· 未接种疫苗的受访者更有可能担心疫苗对自己或正在成长的婴儿的影响。· 未接种疫苗的受访者提到了与工作和预约相关的疫苗接种障碍，这表明了需要进行宣传的领域。
