Comparison of direct and indirect measurements of pulmonary capillary transit times.

Using in vivo microscopy, we made direct measurements of pulmonary capillary transit time by determining the time required for fluorescent dye to pass from an arteriole to a venule on the dependent surface of the dog lung. Concurrently, in the same animals, pulmonary capillary transit time was measured indirectly in the entire lung using the diffusing capacity method (capillary blood volume divided by cardiac output). Transit times by each method were the same in a group of five dogs [direct: 1.75 +/- 0.27 (SE) s; indirect: 1.85 +/- 0.33 s; P = 0.7]. The similarity of these transit times is important, because the widely used indirect determinations based on diffusing capacity are now shown to coincide with direct measurements and also because it demonstrates that measurements of capillary transit times on the surface of the dependent lung bear a useful relationship to measurements on the capillaries in the rest of the lung.