Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta.
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta.
Semin Nephrol. 2022 Mar;42(2):170-184. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2022.04.007.
Diversity in sex and gender are important considerations in the pathogenesis, prognostication, research, and management of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Sex and gender differences in the disease risk, disease-specific mechanisms, and outcomes in DKD may be attributed to biological differences between males and females at the cellular and tissue level, inconsistencies in the diagnostic and assessment tools used in chronic kidney disease and DKD, as well societal differences in the way men, women, and gender-diverse individuals self-manage and interact with health care systems. This review outlines key considerations related to the impact of sex on DKD, specifically elaborating on how they contribute to observed differences in disease epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment strategies. We also highlight the effect of gender on DKD progression and care.
性别和性别的多样性是糖尿病肾病（DKD）发病机制、预后、研究和管理中需要考虑的重要因素。DKD 疾病风险、疾病特异性机制和结局方面的性别差异可能归因于男性和女性在细胞和组织水平上的生物学差异、慢性肾脏病和 DKD 中使用的诊断和评估工具的不一致性，以及男性、女性和性别多样化个体在自我管理和与医疗保健系统互动方面的社会差异。这篇综述概述了与性别对 DKD 的影响相关的关键考虑因素，特别是详细阐述了它们如何导致疾病流行病学、发病机制和治疗策略方面观察到的差异。我们还强调了性别对 DKD 进展和护理的影响。
