Wang Qi, Wang Hong-Lan, Sun Hui, Cui Jun-Fang, Yang Ping, Zhu Wen-Tao, Jiang Shun-Yuan
College of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000, China Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences Chengdu 610041, China.
Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences Chengdu 610041, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2022 May;47(10):2597-2604. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220117.102.
Rhizosphere soil microbial community and its diversity are important for the structure and functions of medicinal plant ecosystem. In this study, based on high-throughput sequencing, rhizosphere soil microbial diversity, and yield and quality of rhizome and root of Notopterygium incisum cultivated alone(control, CK) and intercropped with Vicia faba(QH) were analyzed, which is expected to lay a basis for optimization of the cultivation mode and ecological production of N. incisum. RESULTS:: showed that the rhizosphere soil bacteria of N. incisum were dominated by Proteobacteria and Bacteroides, with the relative abundance of 50.38%-51.95% and 16.36%-17.02%, respectively. Soil bacterial community at the phylum level was not significantly different between CK and QH. At the genus level, the relative abundance of MND1(3.54%), Spinstomonas(3.50%), Nitrospira(1.53%), and Rhizobacter(1.05%) was significantly higher and that of Gemmatimonas, Candidatus＿Solibacter, and Bryophytes was lower in QH treatment than in the CK. The plant height, leaf length, leaf width, and petiole length of N. incisum in QH treatment was significantly increased and the underground biomass rose by 71.43% compared with those in the CK. Thus, intercropping with V. faba promoted the aboveground growth of N. incisum and improved the yield of root and rhizome. Moreover, the content of notopterol and isoimperatorin increased by 37.96% and 4.09% in QH treatment, respectively, indicating that the intercropping with V. faba boosted the accumulation of secondary metabolites in N. incisum. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that the soil bacterial community was mainly influenced by the soil factors including the content of soil available nutrients, soil organic matter, pH value, and soil water. The influence was in the order: total potassium>total nitrogen>pH>organic matter>available potassium>soil water content>available nitrogen>available phosphorus. In conclusion, the intercropping with V. faba altered soil microenvironment and also increased the yield and accumulation of secondary metabolites of N. incisum, which is a promising ecological planting model for N. incisum.
根际土壤微生物群落及其多样性对于药用植物生态系统的结构和功能至关重要。本研究基于高通量测序，分析了单作（对照，CK）和与蚕豆间作（QH）的羌活根际土壤微生物多样性以及根茎和根的产量与品质，以期为羌活栽培模式优化及生态生产奠定基础。结果表明，羌活根际土壤细菌以变形菌门和拟杆菌门为主，相对丰度分别为50.38% - 51.95%和16.36% - 17.02%。CK和QH处理在门水平上的土壤细菌群落无显著差异。在属水平上，QH处理中MND1（3.54%）、螺旋单胞菌属（3.50%）、硝化螺旋菌属（1.53%）和根杆菌属（1.05%）的相对丰度显著高于CK，而芽单胞菌属、类芽孢杆菌属和苔藓植物的相对丰度则较低。与CK相比，QH处理的羌活株高、叶长、叶宽和叶柄长显著增加，地下生物量增加了71.43%。因此，与蚕豆间作促进了羌活地上部分生长，提高了根和根茎产量。此外，QH处理中羌活醇和异欧前胡素含量分别增加了37.96%和4.09%，表明与蚕豆间作促进了羌活次生代谢产物的积累。Pearson相关性分析表明，土壤细菌群落主要受土壤有效养分含量、土壤有机质、pH值和土壤水分等土壤因子影响。影响顺序为：全钾＞全氮＞pH＞有机质＞有效钾＞土壤含水量＞有效氮＞有效磷。综上所述，与蚕豆间作改变了土壤微环境，提高了羌活的产量和次生代谢产物积累，是一种有前景的羌活生态种植模式。
