Lupton Deborah
Vitalities Lab, Centre for Social Research in Health and Social Policy Research Centre, Goodsell Building, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia.
Vaccine X. 2022 Aug;11:100183. doi: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2022.100183. Epub 2022 Jun 13.
The aim of this study was to use indepth social research to better understand the relationships and intersections between understandings and practices of COVID-19 risk, immunity and vaccination in lay people's accounts.
This article reports findings from a qualitative research project involving semi-structured telephone interviews with a diverse group of 40 adults from around Australia about their experiences of the COVID crisis, conducted in late 2021 during the Delta variant outbreak. The participants' responses to questions about COVID risk, COVID vaccines and how they thought they could best protect their health were analysed using an inductive thematic approach.
A notion of 'communal risk' was expressed together with 'individual risk'. Relatedly, people's understandings of what might be characterised as 'communal immunity' as well as individual immunity also dominated in their accounts. Both communal risk and communal immunity are influenced by a range of constantly changing and interrelated factors. Locale was a strong factor in shaping people's experiences and stances related to COVID risk. The participants referred to aspects such as their community's geographical location; the number of COVID cases and the level of COVID vaccination by others living in their state or territory; adoption of preventive measures; vaccine availability, scheduling and take-up; viral testing and tracing reporting; and the extent and timing of viral spread in the population. These factors were continually related back to highly specific conditions and practices in their community or state of residence.
Understandings and practices related to COVID risk, immunity and vaccination were based both on individual experiences and broader ideas about the role of community. Spatial contexts are influential but there is also a strong temporality to these understandings and practices. There is a fine balance to be maintained between individual-level protection from COVID risk and community-level actions.
本研究的目的是运用深入的社会研究，以便更好地理解在非专业人士的描述中，对新冠病毒风险、免疫力和疫苗接种的认知与实践之间的关系及交叉点。
本文报告了一项定性研究项目的结果，该项目于2021年末德尔塔变种毒株爆发期间，对来自澳大利亚各地的40名成年人进行了半结构化电话访谈，这些成年人背景各异，访谈内容涉及他们在新冠疫情中的经历。采用归纳主题分析法，分析了参与者对有关新冠病毒风险、新冠疫苗以及他们认为如何能最好地保护自身健康等问题的回答。
“集体风险”的概念与“个人风险”一同被表达出来。相关地，人们对可被描述为“集体免疫力”以及个人免疫力的理解在他们的描述中也占据主导地位。集体风险和集体免疫力都受到一系列不断变化且相互关联的因素影响。地点是塑造人们与新冠病毒风险相关经历和立场的一个重要因素。参与者提到了诸如他们社区的地理位置；所在州或领地的新冠病例数量以及其他居民的新冠疫苗接种水平；预防措施的采用情况；疫苗的可获得性、接种安排及接种率；病毒检测与追踪报告；以及病毒在人群中的传播范围和时间等方面。这些因素不断地与他们所在社区或居住州的高度特定情况及实践相关联。
与新冠病毒风险、免疫力和疫苗接种相关的认知与实践既基于个人经历，也基于关于社区作用的更广泛观念。空间背景具有影响力，但这些认知与实践也具有很强的时间性。在个人层面预防新冠病毒风险与社区层面行动之间需要保持微妙的平衡。
