Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jun 20;12(1):10376. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-14342-3.
The maxillary sinus aeration using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method based on individual adult patients' computed tomography (CT) scans were analyzed. The analysis was based on CT images of 4 patients: one with normal nose anatomy and three with nasal septal deviation (NSD) and concha bullosa (CB). The CFD simulation was performed using the Reynolds-Average Simulation approach and turbulence closure based on linear eddy viscosity supplemented with the two-equation k-[Formula: see text] SST model. As a result, it was found that the lower part of NSD has the most significant impact on the airflow change within the maxillary sinuses compared to CB and the upper part of NSD. In a healthy nose, the airflow in the sinuses is continuous, while NSD and CB change this flow into pulsatile. Multiple changes in the direction of flow during one respiratory phase were observed. The flow intensity within the maxillary sinus opening is lower on the NSD side. The concept of vorticity measure is introduced to evaluate and compare various patients qualitatively. Typically, the lowest values of such measures are obtained for healthy airways and the highest for pathological changes in the nasal cavity.
利用基于个体成年患者计算机断层扫描（CT）扫描的计算流体动力学（CFD）方法分析上颌窦通气情况。分析基于 4 名患者的 CT 图像：1 名鼻腔解剖正常，3 名鼻中隔偏曲（NSD）和泡状鼻甲（CB）患者。CFD 模拟使用雷诺平均模拟方法和基于线性涡粘性的湍流封闭，辅以双方程 k-[公式：见文本] SST 模型。结果表明，与 NSD 的上部相比，NSD 的下部对上颌窦内气流变化的影响最大。在健康的鼻子中，鼻窦内的气流是连续的，而 NSD 和 CB 将这种流动变为脉动。在一个呼吸阶段中观察到多个方向的流动变化。上颌窦开口处的气流强度在 NSD 侧较低。引入涡量测量的概念来定性评估和比较各种患者。通常，这种测量的最低值适用于健康气道，而最高值适用于鼻腔的病理变化。
