Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2022 May-Jun;37(3):494-500. doi: 10.11607/jomi.9337.
This study examined the effect of dental implant rehabilitation on masticatory function following jaw reconstruction.
Patients who received dental rehabilitation after jaw reconstruction with a fibular or iliac bone flap from 2012 to 2018 were examined for masticatory efficiency, electromyographic (EMG) activity of the masticatory muscles, and the distribution of occlusal force. The masticatory efficiency was measured by a spectrophotometer. The asymmetry index of the masticatory muscle was calculated by EMG measurement, and the asymmetry index of the occlusal force was calculated by T-scan analysis.
A total of 32 patients were examined, 13 with implant-retained fixed dental prostheses, 9 with implant-retained removable dental prostheses, and 10 with removable dental prostheses. Masticatory efficiency was significantly lower in the removable dental prosthesis group (2.29 ± 0.19) than in the implant-retained removable dental prosthesis (2.45 ± 0.03, P < .05) and implant-retained fixed dental prosthesis groups (2.45 ± 0.03, P < .05). Moreover, the asymmetry index of the masticatory muscle while chewing and clenching was significantly higher in the removable dental prosthesis group (0.099 ± 0.046 and 0.107 ± 0.042, respectively) than in the implant-retained removable dental prosthesis (0.032 ± 0.019 and 0.035 ± 0.021, respectively; P < .01) and implant-retained fixed dental prosthesis groups (0.038 ± 0.021 and 0.046 ± 0.023, respectively; P < .01). The asymmetry index of the occlusal force was also significantly higher in the removable dental prosthesis group than in the implant-retained removable dental prosthesis (0.38 ± 0.08, P < .01) and implant-retained fixed dental prosthesis groups (0.36 ± 0.11, P < .05).
The results of this study suggest that dental implant prostheses have a greater effect on masticatory function following jaw reconstruction, improving masticatory efficiency, EMG activity of the masticatory muscles, and occlusal force.
本研究探讨了颌骨重建后采用腓骨或髂骨瓣进行牙种植修复对咀嚼功能的影响。
对 2012 年至 2018 年间接受颌骨重建后牙种植修复的患者进行咀嚼效率、咀嚼肌肌电图（EMG）活动和咬合力分布检查。采用分光光度计测量咀嚼效率。通过肌电图测量咀嚼肌的不对称指数，通过 T-scan 分析计算咬合力的不对称指数。
共检查了 32 例患者，其中 13 例为种植体固位可摘义齿修复，9 例为种植体固位可摘局部义齿修复，10 例为可摘局部义齿修复。可摘局部义齿组的咀嚼效率明显低于种植体固位可摘局部义齿组（2.45 ± 0.03，P <.05）和种植体固位固定义齿组（2.45 ± 0.03，P <.05）（2.29 ± 0.19）。此外，咀嚼和咬牙时咀嚼肌的肌电不对称指数在可摘局部义齿组（0.099 ± 0.046 和 0.107 ± 0.042）明显高于种植体固位可摘局部义齿组（0.032 ± 0.019 和 0.035 ± 0.021）和种植体固位固定义齿组（0.038 ± 0.021 和 0.046 ± 0.023）（均 P <.01）。可摘局部义齿组的咬合力不对称指数也明显高于种植体固位可摘局部义齿组（0.38 ± 0.08，P <.01）和种植体固位固定义齿组（0.36 ± 0.11，P <.05）。
本研究结果表明，牙种植体修复对颌骨重建后咀嚼功能的影响更大，可提高咀嚼效率、咀嚼肌肌电图活动和咬合力。
