School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
School of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China.
Yi Chuan. 2022 May 20;44(5):424-431. doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.22-013.
Southwest China is home to numerous ethnic minorities, as well as many geographically and genetically isolated groups. However, the genetic substructure of these ethnic groups, especially the paternal genetic structure between groups, has not been comprehensively analyzed. In this study, we used Y chromosome capture and Illumina sequencing technologies to investigate the paternal genetic structure of three isolated groups of male unrelated individuals, including Baima in Pingwu, Sichuan Province, Muya in Shimian, Sichuan Province, and Kongge in Jinghong, Yunnan Province. We calculated the frequencies of related haplogroups by the fixed-point compound amplification method and direct counting method, and used the Past3.0 software to perform principal component analysis to draw a population clustering tree. we observed that Kongge had 3 Y chromosome haplogroups, Baima had 4 Y chromosome haplogroups, and Muya had 5 Y chromosome haplogroups. The results showed that Kongge was most closely related to the Wa, and the Y chromosome types of the Baima and Muya were mainly concentrated in the D haplogroup and its lower reaches. It has the closest relationship with the Tibetans in Qamdo and Nyingchi. The study on the genetic structure of different ethnic groups has enriched the genetic relationship of isolated populations and provided a new perspective for understanding Chinese ethnic groups.
中国西南地区是众多少数民族的家园，也是许多地理和遗传上隔离的群体的家园。然而，这些族群的遗传亚结构，特别是族群间的父系遗传结构，尚未得到全面分析。在这项研究中，我们使用 Y 染色体捕获和 Illumina 测序技术，调查了来自四川省平武县的白马人、四川省石棉县的木雅人和云南省景洪市的克木人这三个隔离群体的 3 名男性无关个体的父系遗传结构。我们通过定点复合扩增法和直接计数法计算了相关单倍群的频率，并使用 Past3.0 软件进行主成分分析，绘制了种群聚类树。我们观察到，克木人有 3 个 Y 染色体单倍群，白马人有 4 个 Y 染色体单倍群，木雅人有 5 个 Y 染色体单倍群。结果表明，克木人最接近佤族，而白马人和木雅人的 Y 染色体类型主要集中在 D 单倍群及其下游。它与昌都和林芝的藏族关系最密切。对不同族群遗传结构的研究丰富了隔离群体的遗传关系，为了解中国族群提供了新的视角。
