Fundação Joaquim Nabuco, Diretoria de Pesquisas Sociais, Ed. Anexo Anísio Teixeira, Rua Dois Irmãos, 92, Apipucos, 52071-440 Recife, PE, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Hospital das Clínicas, Bloco E, 4° andar, Av. Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2022 Jun 17;94(suppl 2):e20210399. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202220210399. eCollection 2022.
The 2019 oil spill was the biggest in Brazilian history. Oil was found along more than 3,000 km of the Brazilian coastline, mainly in the Northeast, in more than 1,000 localities. This article analyzes the disaster's damage using a sample of interviewers who were impacted - fishers, tourism and beach hawkers - distributed along 40 of the affected municipalities in the Northeast Region of Brazil. The socio-economic indicators obtained by the research show that the impacts were not homogeneous between the segments and cities researched. Localities specialized in tourism and with a workforce relatively more specialized in fishing were the most affected. Accordingly, the populations of fishers and beach hawkers suffered the most severe impacts in terms of income reduction and the sale of products. These agents report a negative impact of the disaster on their work activities of 73% (fishers) and 65% (beach vendors), while the lodging and food sectors reported losses in about 38% of the cases. The interviewees' health indicators demonstrated that the volunteers at the oil spill clean- up suffered damage due to the exposure experienced, evidencing the public health emergency dimension of the disaster.
2019 年的石油泄漏是巴西历史上最大的一次。石油泄漏在巴西超过 3000 公里的海岸线上被发现，主要分布在东北部，涉及 1000 多个地区。本文通过对受影响的受访者（渔民、旅游和海滩小贩）进行抽样调查，分析了这场灾难的破坏情况，这些受访者分布在巴西东北部受影响的 40 个城市。研究获得的社会经济指标表明，研究中调查的不同地区和城市受到的影响并不均匀。以旅游为特色、渔业劳动力相对更专业的地区受到的影响最大。因此，渔民和海滩小贩的收入减少和产品销售受到了最严重的影响。这些受访者报告称，73%（渔民）和 65%（海滩小贩）的受访者认为这场灾难对他们的工作活动产生了负面影响，而住宿和餐饮部门约有 38%的受访者报告了损失。受访者的健康指标表明，参与石油泄漏清理的志愿者因暴露而受到损害，这表明这场灾难具有公共卫生紧急事件的维度。
