de Oliveira Estevo Mariana, Lopes Priscila F M, de Oliveira Júnior José Gilmar Cavalcante, Junqueira André Braga, de Oliveira Santos Ana Paula, da Silva Lima Johnny Antonio, Malhado Ana Claudia Mendes, Ladle Richard J, Campos-Silva João Vitor
Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Alagoas, Maceió 57072-900, AL, Brazil.
Departamento de Ecologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2021 Mar;164:111984. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.111984. Epub 2021 Jan 28.
In August 2019, a major oil spill hit nine Brazilian coastal states, affecting marine ecosystems and fishing communities. In this study, we assess the immediate social and economic impacts of this oil spill on fishing communities of the northeast coast. We conducted semi-structured interviews and focal meetings with 381 fishers and shellfish gatherers to understand the perceived socioeconomic impacts on different types of fishing. We also obtained information on fish consumption after the oil spill, which we compared with data prior to the oil spill from the same communities. Sales decreased by more than 50% for all types of fishing, strongly impacting local income generation. These communities, which are already social-ecologically vulnerable, have had their subsistence, food security and cultural maintenance strongly compromised. We argue that there is a clear need for coordinated state interventions to mitigation the impacts, considering it's environmental, social, economic, human health and political dimensions.
2019年8月，一场重大石油泄漏事故波及巴西九个沿海州，影响了海洋生态系统和渔业社区。在本研究中，我们评估了此次石油泄漏对东北海岸渔业社区造成的直接社会和经济影响。我们与381名渔民和贝类采集者进行了半结构化访谈和焦点会议，以了解对不同类型渔业的感知社会经济影响。我们还获取了石油泄漏后鱼类消费的信息，并将其与同一社区石油泄漏前的数据进行了比较。所有类型渔业的销售额均下降了50%以上，对当地创收产生了强烈影响。这些本已在社会生态方面较为脆弱的社区，其生计、粮食安全和文化维系受到了严重损害。我们认为，鉴于其环境、社会、经济、人类健康和政治层面的因素，显然需要国家进行协调干预以减轻影响。
