The COVID-19 pandemic escalated supply chain vulnerabilities that affect almost every sector of the economy. Identifying key vulnerabilities and developing responses to them will require the mobilization of diverse actors across the U.S. research enterprise. In October and November 2021, the Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable (GUIRR) of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a number of virtual workshops for its membership and invited guests to discuss opportunities for enhancing U.S. approaches to addressing manufacturing and supply chain resilience, security, and sustainability challenges through partnerships and cross-sector collaboration. In convening experts and leaders from across sectors and disciplines, GUIRR provided a forum for dialogue on policy priorities for consideration by leaders across the research enterprise. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop series.