Costagliola Maria Antonietta, Prati Maria Vittoria, Perretta Giuseppe
Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per L'Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili-National Research Council of Italy, viale Marconi, 4, 80125, Naples, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jun 22;12(1):10518. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-14235-5.
A small-scale plant was built for measuring the ability of solid sorbents towards the capture of carbon dioxide (CO) in exhaust flue gas from an internal combustion engine. The investigated sorbents were calcium and lithium hydroxides. Both sorbents are low cost and used in the breathing gas purification systems. The carbonation capacity of each sorbent was measured for different sorbent granulometry (pellets and powder), different temperature (from ambient up to 300 °C), gas space velocity, moisture content and chemical composition of the gaseous stream. The aim was, in fact, to expose the sorbents to a gas stream with chemical and physical parameters close to those at the exhaust of an internal combustion engine. Carbonation capacity was measured with a double technique: on-line by continuously CO measurement with a non-dispersive infrared analyzer and off-line by using scanning electron microscopy on carbonated sorbents. Experimental results showed good CO uptake capacity of calcium hydroxide at low temperature (between 20 and 150 °C). Performance improvements came from the fine granulometry due to the increased exposed surface area; moreover, the presence of the moisture in gas stream also enhanced CO capture. The presence of sulphur dioxide and nitric oxide, instead, greatly decreased the carbonation capacity of sorbents.
建造了一个小规模的装置，用于测量固体吸附剂从内燃机废气中捕获二氧化碳（CO₂）的能力。所研究的吸附剂是氢氧化钙和氢氧化锂。这两种吸附剂成本低廉，用于呼吸气体净化系统。针对不同的吸附剂粒度（颗粒和粉末）、不同温度（从环境温度到300°C）、气体空间速度、水分含量和气态流的化学成分，测量了每种吸附剂的碳酸化能力。实际上，目的是使吸附剂暴露于化学和物理参数接近内燃机排气参数的气流中。采用双重技术测量碳酸化能力：通过使用非色散红外分析仪连续测量CO₂进行在线测量，以及通过对碳酸化吸附剂使用扫描电子显微镜进行离线测量。实验结果表明，氢氧化钙在低温（20至150°C之间）具有良好的CO₂吸收能力。由于增加了暴露表面积，细粒度提高了性能；此外，气流中水分的存在也增强了CO₂的捕获。相反，二氧化硫和一氧化氮的存在大大降低了吸附剂的碳酸化能力。
