Laboratory of Molecular Immunobiology, Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Jun 6;12:910654. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.910654. eCollection 2022.
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play critical roles in recognizing pathogen-derived nucleic acids and inducing innate immune responses, such as inflammation and type I interferon production. PRRs that recognize nucleic acids include members of endosomal Toll-like receptors, cytosolic retinoic acid inducible gene I-like receptors, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase, absent in melanoma 2-like receptors, and nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptors. Aberrant recognition of self-derived nucleic acids by these PRRs or unexpected activation of downstream signaling pathways results in the constitutive production of type I interferons and inflammatory cytokines, which lead to the development of autoimmune or autoinflammatory diseases. In this review, we focus on the nucleic acid-sensing machinery and its pathophysiological roles in various inflammatory diseases.
模式识别受体（PRRs）在识别病原体衍生的核酸并诱导先天免疫反应（如炎症和 I 型干扰素产生）方面发挥着关键作用。识别核酸的 PRRs 包括内体 Toll 样受体、胞质视黄酸诱导基因 I 样受体、环鸟苷酸-AMP 合酶、黑色素瘤 2 样受体缺失和核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体的成员。这些 PRRs 对自身衍生核酸的异常识别或下游信号通路的意外激活导致 I 型干扰素和炎症细胞因子的持续产生，从而导致自身免疫或自身炎症性疾病的发展。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了核酸感应机制及其在各种炎症性疾病中的病理生理作用。
