Van Assche E, Luykx J J
Tijdschr Psychiatr. 2022;64(5):256-259.
The importance of genetics in psychiatry has been a topic of ongoing debate. The futile search for candidate genes underlying psychiatric disorders in the decades before 2007 resulted in overall disappointment. Since then, however, researchers and clinicians have witnessed the discovery of a plethora of common and rare genetic variants associated with psychiatric disorders.
AIM: To relate the history of general genetics to the history of psychiatric genetics, underlining how.
METHOD: Literature research.
RESULTS: The anatomical and physiological phases of this history have shaped the field of psychiatric genetics. We describe pivotal discoveries that have facilitated the uncovering, reading and writing of DNA. We then discuss several milestone discoveries in the field of psychiatric genetics. We end with an outlook on where the field of psychiatric genetics may be heading in the decades to come, arguing that a ‘clinical phase’ of psychiatric genetics may be ahead of us.
CONCLUSION: The research with a focus on polygenic risk scores (PRS) could be translated into clinical practice in the coming years and we expect more attention to the question of how genetic variants cause psychiatric disorders. We look to future developments with some optimism.
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遗传学在精神病学中的重要性一直是一个持续争论的话题。在2007年之前的几十年里，对精神疾病潜在候选基因的徒劳寻找总体上令人失望。然而，从那时起，研究人员和临床医生见证了大量与精神疾病相关的常见和罕见基因变异的发现。
将普通遗传学的历史与精神疾病遗传学的历史联系起来，强调其方式。
文献研究。
这段历史的解剖学和生理学阶段塑造了精神疾病遗传学领域。我们描述了有助于揭示、解读和书写DNA的关键发现。然后我们讨论了精神疾病遗传学领域的几个里程碑式发现。最后我们展望了精神疾病遗传学领域在未来几十年可能的发展方向，认为精神疾病遗传学的“临床阶段”可能就在我们面前。
专注于多基因风险评分（PRS）的研究可能在未来几年转化为临床实践，我们预计会更加关注基因变异如何导致精神疾病这一问题。我们对未来的发展持一定的乐观态度。
