Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea.
School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea.
Biosensors (Basel). 2022 Jun 9;12(6):398. doi: 10.3390/bios12060398.
Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) is a powerful visualization tool for quantifying blood flow in tissues, providing simplicity of configuration, ease of use, and intuitive results. With recent advancements, smartphone and camera technologies are suitable for the development of smartphone-based LSCI applications for point-of-care (POC) diagnosis. A smartphone-based portable LSCI endoscope system was validated for POC diagnosis of vascular disorders. The endoscope consisted of compact LED and laser illumination, imaging optics, and a flexible fiberscope assembled in a 3D-printed hand-held cartridge for access to body cavities and organs. A smartphone's rear camera was mounted thereto, enabling endoscopy, LSCI image acquisition, and processing. Blood flow imaging was calibrated in a perfused tissue phantom consisting of a microparticle solution pumped at known rates through tissue-mimicking gel and validated in a live rat model of BBN-induced bladder cancer. Raw LSCI images successfully visualized phantom flow: speckle flow index showed linearity with the pump flow rate. In the rat model, healthy and cancerous bladders were distinguishable in structure and vasculature. The smartphone-based low-cost portable mobile endoscope for monitoring blood flow and perfusion shows promise for preclinical applications and may be suitable for primary diagnosis at home or as a cost-effective POC testing assay.
激光散斑对比成像（LSCI）是一种强大的可视化工具，可用于量化组织中的血流，具有配置简单、使用方便和结果直观的特点。随着技术的最新进展，智能手机和相机技术适用于开发用于即时护理（POC）诊断的基于智能手机的 LSCI 应用。基于智能手机的便携式 LSCI 内窥镜系统已被验证可用于 POC 诊断血管疾病。该内窥镜由紧凑型 LED 和激光照明、成像光学和组装在 3D 打印手持盒中的柔性纤维镜组成，可进入体腔和器官。将智能手机的后置摄像头安装在其上，实现了内窥镜、LSCI 图像采集和处理功能。在由以已知速率通过组织模拟凝胶泵送的微粒子溶液组成的灌注组织体模中对血流成像进行了校准，并在 BBN 诱导的膀胱癌的活体大鼠模型中进行了验证。原始 LSCI 图像成功地可视化了体模中的血流：斑点流指数与泵流速呈线性关系。在大鼠模型中，健康和癌变的膀胱在结构和脉管系统上是可区分的。用于监测血流和灌注的基于智能手机的低成本便携式移动内窥镜具有很好的临床前应用前景，并且可能适合在家庭中进行初步诊断或作为具有成本效益的 POC 测试分析。
