Hernández-Castro Rigoberto, Pinto-Almazán Rodolfo, Arenas Roberto, Sánchez-Cárdenas Carlos Daniel, Espinosa-Hernández Víctor Manuel, Sierra-Maeda Karla Yaeko, Conde-Cuevas Esther, Juárez-Durán Eder R, Xicohtencatl-Cortes Juan, Carrillo-Casas Erika Margarita, Steven-Velásquez Jimmy, Martínez-Herrera Erick, Rodríguez-Cerdeira Carmen
Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico.
Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico.
J Fungi (Basel). 2022 May 30;8(6):588. doi: 10.3390/jof8060588.
Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection caused by species of the genus. Presently, the prevalence of sporotrichosis in the Americas is unknown, so this study aims to analyze the cases reported in the past 10 years.
An advanced search was conducted from 2012 to 2022 in English and Spanish in PUBMED, SciELO, and Cochrane, with the terms: "sporotrichosis", "lymphocutaneous ", "fixed sporotrichosis", "mycosis", " spp.", " complex", " sensu stricto", " sensu lato", "", "", "". Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection caused by species of the genus associated with "pathogenicity" or "epidemiology".
A total of 124 articles were found in the Americas, corresponding to 12,568 patients. Of these, 87.38% of cases were reported in South America, 11.62% in North America, and 1.00% in Central America and the Caribbean. Brazil, Peru, and Mexico had the highest number of cases. The most prevalent etiological agents were complex/ spp. (52.91%), (42.38%), others (4.68%), and Not Determined (ND) (0.03%). The most frequent form of the disease was lymphocutaneous infection; however, the infection type was not determined in 5639 cases. Among the diagnostic methods, culture was the most used.
There is a high occurrence of cases reported in the literature. South America is the region with the highest number of reports because of its environment (climate, inhalation of spores, etc.), zoonotic transmission (scratches and sneezes from contaminated animals), and possible traumatic inoculation due to outdoor activities (agriculture, gardening, and related occupations). Molecular diagnosis has not been sufficiently developed due to its high cost.
孢子丝菌病是由该属物种引起的真菌感染。目前，美洲孢子丝菌病的患病率尚不清楚，因此本研究旨在分析过去10年报告的病例。
2012年至2022年在PUBMED、SciELO和Cochrane中使用英文和西班牙文进行高级检索，检索词为：“孢子丝菌病”、“皮肤淋巴管型”、“固定型孢子丝菌病”、“真菌病”、“ 种”、“复合体”、“狭义”、“广义”、“”、“”、“”。与“致病性”或“流行病学”相关的由该属物种引起的孢子丝菌病是一种真菌感染。
在美洲共发现124篇文章，对应12568例患者。其中，87.38%的病例报告在南美洲，11.62%在北美洲，1.00%在中美洲和加勒比地区。巴西、秘鲁和墨西哥的病例数最多。最常见的病原体是复合体/ 种（52.91%）、 （42.38%）、其他（4.68%）和未确定（ND）（0.03%）。最常见的疾病形式是皮肤淋巴管感染；然而，5639例病例的感染类型未确定。在诊断方法中，培养是最常用的。
文献中报告的病例发生率很高。南美洲是报告病例数最多的地区，原因在于其环境（气候、孢子吸入等）、人畜共患病传播（受污染动物的抓挠和喷嚏）以及户外活动（农业、园艺及相关职业）可能导致的创伤性接种。分子诊断由于成本高昂尚未得到充分发展。
