Distribution Types of Lichens in Hungary That Indicate Changing Environmental Conditions.

Distribution data originating from earlier herbarium collections and recent biodiversity records form the basis of distribution analyses in lichen species with different ecological requirements, where the records allowed comparisons or showed clear trends. As the occurrences of lichens are strongly correlated to background environmental conditions (e.g., air pollution, global warming), confirmed by Wirth's ecological indicator values, the analysis of distribution types has a great value for bioindication and the establishment of current and future climatic and pollution situations. Five distribution types were introduced-presented by characteristic examples (13)-according to lichen distribution maps prepared in different periods of time (representing changing environmental conditions): (1) species of decreasing occurrences by time (e.g., , , suboceanic, acidic pollution sensitive species), (2) species with no or few former records but with increasing occurrences in recent decades (e.g., , , , sub-Mediterranean species), (3) species with increasing and then (from c. 2000) decreasing occurrences (e.g., , , acidofrequent species), (4) species with widely increasing occurrences in recent decades (e.g., , , , nitrofrequent species), and (5) species with rapidly increasing occurrences (e.g., , , , rapidly spreading species). The proposed distribution types of lichen species may be applied to wider regions (the European or the global level).