Moreno-Camarena Mauricio, Ortega-Larrocea María Pilar
Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y del Suelo, Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jun 12;11(12):1554. doi: 10.3390/plants11121554.
In the valuable orchid genus , the section Irapeana consists of a distinctive group of Mesoamerican species that is formed by Hágsater, Lex., and Lindl. All lady slipper orchids exhibit different distributions and abundances. Data analysis that used herbarium accessions and field investigations indicated that the habitats of these three species have been dramatically reduced. Prospecting for suitable habitats based on climatic, vegetation, and soil parameters allows us to predict potential distributions. Conservation strategies, such as ex situ propagation by asymbiotic and symbiotic approaches, have indicated that the culture media used are a determining factor for seedling development. Mycorrhizal isolates play a main role in the compatibility and further development of germinated seeds. The fungi isolated from adult plants belong to two different families, which makes it possible that widely distributed populations will be fungal-specific as well as restricted for . Root mycorrhization patterns occur high on the secondary roots. In contrast with other species of the genus, in situ germination can occur over a short period of two months, but we have documented periods as long as ten years. is a highly problematic genus for ex situ conservation because the germination requirements and cultures are poorly documented, and there is great urgency for in situ conservation to develop strategies for identifying hotspot habitats and actualize the protection status to avoid extinction of this genus.
在珍贵的兰花属中，伊拉佩阿纳组由一群独特的中美洲物种组成，该组由哈格萨特、莱克斯和林德尔共同确立。所有兜兰都呈现出不同的分布范围和丰度。利用植物标本馆馆藏标本和实地调查进行的数据分析表明，这三个物种的栖息地已大幅减少。基于气候、植被和土壤参数探寻适宜栖息地，能让我们预测潜在分布范围。诸如通过非共生和共生方法进行迁地繁殖等保护策略表明，所使用的培养基是幼苗发育的决定性因素。菌根分离物在萌发种子的兼容性及后续发育中起主要作用。从成年植株分离出的真菌分属两个不同科，这使得广泛分布的种群可能具有真菌特异性，且分布受限。根菌根化模式出现在次生根的较高部位。与该属的其他物种不同，原地萌发可在短短两个月内发生，但我们记录到的时间长达十年。对于迁地保护而言，兜兰属是一个极具问题的属，因为其萌发要求和培养方法记录甚少，而且迫切需要开展原地保护，以制定识别热点栖息地的策略并落实保护状况，避免该属灭绝。
