Nkosi Lungani Siyabonga, Ntuli Nontuthuko Rosemary, Mavengahama Sydney
Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho 2745, South Africa.
Department of Botany, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jun 13;11(12):1558. doi: 10.3390/plants11121558.
Lagenaria siceraria is one of the most important cucurbitaceous vegetables due to its prolific bearing habit, its edibility as a cooked vegetable, and its low cost of cultivation. The objective of this study was to evaluate variation in the morpho-agronomic traits among selected landraces and their F1 populations. The landraces were crossed based on the North Carolina II genetic design to develop F1 populations. The twelve F1 populations along with seven parental landraces were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed among quantitative traits suggesting considerable genetic variability. The genotypes displayed significant variation in most qualitative traits of fruits and seeds. The first five principal components of quantitative traits among the evaluated 19 genotypes contributed 74.84% of the variability. The biplot and dendrogram clustered the genotypes into five clusters according to their vegetative, fruit, and seed traits. The highest value for the broad-sense heritability estimate was recorded for days to edible harvest maturity trait. The F1 progenies were more variable than the landraces and can therefore be used for further Lagenaria siceraria genetic improvement.
瓠瓜是最重要的葫芦科蔬菜之一，因其高产习性、可作为烹饪蔬菜食用以及种植成本低。本研究的目的是评估所选地方品种及其F1群体在形态农艺性状上的变异。根据北卡罗来纳州II遗传设计对地方品种进行杂交，以培育F1群体。12个F1群体以及7个亲本地方品种采用随机完全区组设计种植，重复3次。数量性状之间观察到显著差异（p < 0.05），表明存在相当大的遗传变异性。这些基因型在果实和种子的大多数质量性状上表现出显著变异。在所评估的19个基因型中，数量性状的前五个主成分贡献了74.84%的变异性。双标图和聚类图根据其营养、果实和种子性状将基因型分为五个聚类。可食用收获成熟天数性状的广义遗传力估计值最高。F1后代比地方品种更具变异性，因此可用于瓠瓜的进一步遗传改良。
