Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China.
South China Agricultural University, College of Marine Sciences, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2022 Aug;127:228-237. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.06.029. Epub 2022 Jun 20.
The goal of the study was to determine the ameliorative effects of dietary alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) on deltamethrin (DEL)-induced immunosuppression and oxidative stress in northern snakehead (Channa argus). The northern snakeheads (15.38 ± 0.09 g) were exposed to DEL (0.242 μg/L) and fed with diets supplemented α-LA at 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg. After the 28-day exposure test, we obtained the following results: i) α-LA alleviates DEL-induced liver injury by reversing the increase of the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and liver cytochrome P450 enzymes (Cytochrome P450 (cyp)1a and cyp1b) expression levels. ii) α-LA can reverse the DEL-induced reduction of serum complement 4 (C4), C3, immunoglobulin M (IgM), and lysozyme (LYS) levels and the increase of liver and intestine nuclear factor kappa B (nf-κb) p65, tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-α, interleukin (il)-1β, il-8, and il-6 gene expressions, while il-10 expression levels showed the opposite result. iii) α-LA reversed the reduction of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels in the liver and intestine induced by DEL, while malondialdehyde (MDA) showed the opposite result. iv) α-LA reversed the reduction of Cu/Zn sod, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (nrf2), NAD (P)H: quinone oxidoreductase (nqo)1, and heme oxygenase (ho)-1 antioxidant gene expression levels in the liver and intestine induced by DEL. Therefore, our study indicated that optimal α-LA (600 mg/kg) could attenuate DEL-induced toxicity (including liver damage, immunotoxicity, and oxidative stress) in northern snakehead via Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway. This is the first research that explores the alleviated effects of α-LA on DEL-induced toxicity damage in fish. This study provides a positive measure to reduce the toxicity damage caused by DEL to aquatic animals, and provides a theoretical basis for exploring the regulation mechanism of α-LA in toxic substances.
本研究旨在确定膳食α-硫辛酸（α-LA）对溴氰菊酯（DEL）诱导的北方蛇头鱼（Channa argus）免疫抑制和氧化应激的改善作用。将北方蛇头鱼（15.38±0.09g）暴露于 DEL（0.242μg/L）中，并以 300、600 和 900mg/kg 的剂量喂食添加α-LA 的饮食。经过 28 天的暴露试验，我们得到了以下结果：i）α-LA 通过逆转血清天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）和丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）水平以及肝细胞色素 P450 酶（CYP1A 和 CYP1B）表达水平的升高，减轻 DEL 引起的肝损伤。ii）α-LA 可以逆转 DEL 引起的血清补体 4（C4）、C3、免疫球蛋白 M（IgM）和溶菌酶（LYS）水平降低，以及肝和肠核因子 kappa B（nf-κB）p65、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α、白细胞介素（IL）-1β、IL-8 和 IL-6 基因表达增加，而 IL-10 表达水平则呈现相反的结果。iii）α-LA 逆转了 DEL 引起的肝和肠中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）水平的降低，而丙二醛（MDA）则呈现相反的结果。iv）α-LA 逆转了 DEL 引起的肝和肠中铜/锌 sod、核因子红细胞 2 相关因子 2（Nrf2）、NAD（P）H：醌氧化还原酶（NQO）1 和血红素加氧酶（HO）-1 抗氧化基因表达水平的降低。因此，我们的研究表明，最佳剂量的α-LA（600mg/kg）可通过 Nrf2/NF-κB 信号通路减轻 DEL 诱导的北方蛇头鱼的毒性（包括肝损伤、免疫毒性和氧化应激）。这是首次研究α-LA 对鱼类中 DEL 诱导的毒性损伤的缓解作用。本研究为减少 DEL 对水生动物造成的毒性损伤提供了积极的措施，并为探索α-LA 在有毒物质中的调节机制提供了理论依据。
