Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2022 Aug 15;436:129261. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129261. Epub 2022 Jun 2.
The massive food wastes pose a growing health concern for spreading of antibiotic resistance and pathogens due to food spoilage. However, little is known about these microbial hazards during collection, classification, and transportation before eventual treatment. Here, we profiled the temporal variations of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), pathogens, bacterial and fungal communities across four typical food wastes (vegetable, fish, meat, and rice) during storage at room temperature in summer (maximum 28-29 °C) of typical southeast city in China. A total of 171 ARGs and 32 mobile genetic elements were detected, and the absolute abundance of ARGs significantly increased by up to 126-fold with the storage time. Additionally, five bacterial pathogens containing virulence factor genes were detected, and Klebsiella pneumoniae was persistently detected throughout the storage time in all food types except rice. Moreover, fungal pathogens (e.g., Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium) were also frequently detected. Notably, animal food wastes were demonstrated to harbor higher abundance of ARGs and more types of pathogens, indicating a higher level of hazard. Mobile genetic elements and food types were demonstrated to mainly impact ARG profiles and pathogens, respectively. This work provides a comprehensive understanding of the microbial hazards associated with food waste recycling, and will contribute to optimize the food waste management to ensure biosecurity and benefit human health.
大量的食物浪费由于食物变质而对抗生素耐药性和病原体的传播构成了越来越大的健康隐患。然而，在最终处理之前，对于收集、分类和运输过程中这些微生物危害知之甚少。在这里，我们研究了在中国东南典型城市夏季（最高 28-29°C）室温下储存过程中，四种典型食物废物（蔬菜、鱼、肉和米饭）中抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）、病原体、细菌和真菌群落随时间的变化。共检测到 171 个 ARGs 和 32 个移动遗传元件，随着储存时间的延长，ARGs 的绝对丰度增加了多达 126 倍。此外，检测到含有毒力因子基因的 5 种细菌病原体，除了米饭外，在所有食物类型中，肺炎克雷伯菌在整个储存时间内都持续存在。此外，还经常检测到真菌病原体（如曲霉属、青霉属和镰刀菌属）。值得注意的是，动物食物废物被证明具有更高丰度的 ARGs 和更多类型的病原体，表明其危害程度更高。移动遗传元件和食物类型主要影响 ARG 谱和病原体，分别。这项工作全面了解了与食物废物回收相关的微生物危害，并将有助于优化食物废物管理，以确保生物安全并造福人类健康。
