Pomar Catalina A, Castillo Pedro, Palou Andreu, Palou Mariona, Picó Catalina
Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain.
Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07010 Palma, Spain.
Biomedicines. 2022 May 31;10(6):1292. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10061292.
We aimed to evaluate in rats whether the levels of specific miRNA are altered in the mammary gland (MG) and milk of diet-induced obese dams, and whether improving maternal nutrition during lactation attenuates such alterations. Dams fed with a standard diet (SD) (control group), with a Western diet (WD) prior to and during gestation and lactation (WD group), or with WD prior to and during gestation but moved to SD during lactation (Rev group) were followed. The WD group showed higher miR-26a, miR-222 and miR-484 levels than the controls in the MG, but the miRNA profile in Rev animals was not different from those of the controls. The WD group also displayed higher miR-125a levels than the Rev group. Dams of the WD group, but not the Rev group, displayed lower mRNA expression levels of (miR-26a's target) and (miR-125a's target) than the controls in the MG. The WD group also presented lower expression of (miR-26a's target) and (miR-222's target) than the Rev group. However, both WD and Rev animals displayed lower expression of (miR-484's target) than the controls. WD animals also showed greater miR-26a, miR-125a and miR-222 levels in the milk than the controls, but no differences were found between the WD and Rev groups. Thus, implementation of a healthy diet during lactation normalizes the expression levels of specific miRNAs and some target genes in the MG of diet-induced obese dams but not in milk.
我们旨在评估在饮食诱导肥胖的母鼠中，乳腺（MG）和乳汁中特定微小RNA（miRNA）的水平是否发生改变，以及哺乳期改善母体营养是否能减轻这些改变。对喂食标准饮食（SD）的母鼠（对照组）、在妊娠和哺乳期喂食西式饮食（WD）的母鼠（WD组），或在妊娠和哺乳期前期喂食WD但在哺乳期改为SD的母鼠（Rev组）进行跟踪观察。WD组母鼠乳腺中miR-26a、miR-222和miR-484的水平高于对照组，但Rev组动物的miRNA谱与对照组无差异。WD组母鼠miR-125a的水平也高于Rev组。WD组母鼠乳腺中（miR-26a的靶基因）和（miR-125a的靶基因）的mRNA表达水平低于对照组，但Rev组无此现象。WD组母鼠（miR-26a的靶基因）和（miR-222的靶基因）的表达也低于Rev组。然而，WD组和Rev组动物（miR-484的靶基因）的表达均低于对照组。WD组动物乳汁中miR-26a、miR-125a和miR-222的水平也高于对照组，但WD组和Rev组之间无差异。因此，哺乳期实施健康饮食可使饮食诱导肥胖母鼠乳腺中特定miRNA及其一些靶基因的表达水平恢复正常，但乳汁中的表达水平无此变化。
