Vanderstocken Gilles, Woolf Nicholas L, Trigiante Giuseppe, Jackson Jessica, McGoldrick Rory
Enzybel Group SA, Drève Richelle 161-4 BAT P, 1410 Waterloo, Belgium.
Inspira Pharmaceuticals Limited, 27 Old Gloucester Street, London WC1N 3AX, UK.
Biomedicines. 2022 Jun 17;10(6):1440. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10061440.
Respiratory tract diseases (RTDs) are a global cause of mortality and affect patient well-being and quality of life. Specifically, there is a high unmet need concerning respiratory tract infections (RTIs) due to limitations of vaccines and increased antibiotic resistance. Enzyme therapeutics, and in particular plant-based enzymes, represent an underutilised resource in drug development warranting further attention. This literature review aims to summarise the current state of enzyme therapeutics in medical applications, with a focus on their potential to improve outcomes in RTDs, including RTIs. We used a narrative review approach, searching PubMed and clinicaltrials.gov with search terms including: enzyme therapeutics, enzyme therapy, inhaled therapeutics, botanical enzyme therapeutics, plant enzymes, and herbal extracts. Here, we discuss the advantages and challenges of enzyme therapeutics in the setting of RTDs and identify and describe several enzyme therapeutics currently used in the respiratory field. In addition, the review includes recent developments concerning enzyme therapies and plant enzymes in (pre-)clinical stages. The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has sparked development of several promising new enzyme therapeutics for use in the respiratory setting, and therefore, it is timely to provide a summary of recent developments, particularly as these therapeutics may also prove beneficial in other RTDs.
呼吸道疾病是全球范围内导致死亡的原因，影响患者的健康和生活质量。具体而言，由于疫苗的局限性和抗生素耐药性的增加，呼吸道感染（RTIs）存在未得到满足的巨大需求。酶疗法，特别是基于植物的酶，在药物开发中是一种未得到充分利用的资源，值得进一步关注。这篇文献综述旨在总结酶疗法在医学应用中的现状，重点关注其改善呼吸道疾病（包括呼吸道感染）治疗效果的潜力。我们采用叙述性综述方法，在PubMed和clinicaltrials.gov上进行检索，检索词包括：酶疗法、酶治疗、吸入疗法、植物性酶疗法、植物酶和草药提取物。在此，我们讨论酶疗法在呼吸道疾病背景下的优势和挑战，并识别和描述目前在呼吸领域使用的几种酶疗法。此外，该综述还包括酶疗法和植物酶在临床前阶段的最新进展。2019年全球冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行引发了几种有望用于呼吸道疾病治疗的新型酶疗法的开发，因此，及时总结近期进展是很有必要的，特别是因为这些疗法可能对其他呼吸道疾病也有益处。
