Fioratti Claudemir Antonio Garcia, Falcão Evaristo Alexandre, da Silva Rosicleia Matias, do Carmo Vieira Maria, Caires Anderson Rodrigues Lima, Mussury Rosilda Mara
Laboratory of Insect-Plant Interaction, Graduate Program in Entomology and Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados-Itahum Highway, 12th km, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil.
Applied Optics Group, College of Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados-Itahum Highway, 12th km, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil.
Biology (Basel). 2022 Jun 8;11(6):887. doi: 10.3390/biology11060887.
L. species produce flowers with all sorts of colors, from yellow to red. This work aimed to apply optical fluorescence spectroscopy to study bee abundance in , answering the following questions: (1) do corolla temperature and weather conditions affect the abundance of visiting bee species? (2) do flower color and corolla fluorescence affect the abundance of visiting bee species? (3) do red flowers attract more visiting bees? (4) is there a relationship between bee visits and flower compounds? The bee species , , and were the most observed in flowers. The latter was more active in the morning and preferred orange and yellow flowers. These colors also had higher temperatures and fluorescence emissions than did the red ones and those with yellow-red and orange-red nectar guides. Orange flowers emitted a broadband UV spectrum (between 475 and 800 nm). This range might be due to compounds such as hydroxycinnamic acid, flavonols, isoflavonoids, flavones, phenolic acid, and chlorophyll. Extracts from different corolla colors showed that flowers emit specific fluorescent signals, mainly related to bee color vision and learning, thus acting as a means of communication between bees and flowers. In this way, this information evidences the interaction between bees and flowers, allowing conservation actions for pollinators.
狼尾草属植物会开出各种颜色的花朵，从黄色到红色。这项研究旨在应用光学荧光光谱法来研究狼尾草属植物上的蜜蜂数量，回答以下问题：（1）花冠温度和天气状况是否会影响访花蜜蜂物种的数量？（2）花朵颜色和花冠荧光是否会影响访花蜜蜂物种的数量？（3）红色花朵是否会吸引更多的访花蜜蜂？（4）蜜蜂访花与花朵化合物之间是否存在关联？在狼尾草属植物花朵上观察到的蜜蜂物种中，[具体物种名称1]、[具体物种名称2]和[具体物种名称3]最为常见。[具体物种名称3]在早晨更为活跃，偏好橙色和黄色花朵。这些颜色的花朵温度和荧光发射也比红色花朵以及带有黄红色和橙红色蜜导的花朵更高。橙色花朵发出宽带紫外光谱（在475至800纳米之间）。这个范围可能归因于诸如羟基肉桂酸、黄酮醇、异黄酮、黄酮、酚酸和叶绿素等化合物。不同狼尾草属植物花冠颜色的提取物表明，花朵会发出特定的荧光信号，主要与蜜蜂的颜色视觉和学习有关，从而成为蜜蜂与花朵之间的一种交流方式。通过这种方式，这些信息证明了蜜蜂与狼尾草属植物花朵之间的相互作用，有助于采取保护传粉者的行动。
