Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
Department of Community Program, Kathmandu University School of Medical Science, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel 45200, Nepal.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 8;19(12):7011. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19127011.
Given the scarcity of data on diabetes prevalence and associated risk factors among women in rural Nepal, we aimed to examine this, using glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as a diagnostic tool. A cross-sectional survey addressing reproductive health and non-communicable diseases was conducted in 2012-2013 among non-pregnant, married women in Bolde, a rural district of Nepal. HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (48 mmol/mol) was used as diagnostic criterion for diabetes, a cut-off of 7.0% (53 mmol/mol) was used to increase the specificity. HbA1c was measured in 757 women (17-86 years). The prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes was 13.5% and 38.5%, respectively. When using 7.0% as a cut-off, the prevalence of diabetes was 5.8%. Aging, intake of instant noodles and milk and vegetarian food (ns) were associated with increased risk for diabetes. Waist circumference was higher among women with diabetes, although not significant. The women were uneducated (87.6%), and only 12% had heard about diabetes. In conclusion, we observed a higher prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes than anticipated among rural, Nepalese women. The increased risk was mainly attributed to dietary factors. In contrast to most previous studies in Nepal, we used HbA1c as diagnostic criterion.
鉴于尼泊尔农村地区女性糖尿病患病率及相关危险因素数据稀缺，我们旨在利用糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）作为诊断工具对此进行研究。2012-2013 年，在尼泊尔博尔德一个农村地区，对未怀孕的已婚女性进行了一项涉及生殖健康和非传染性疾病的横断面调查。将 HbA1c≥6.5%（48mmol/mol）作为糖尿病的诊断标准，使用 7.0%（53mmol/mol）的切点来提高特异性。在 757 名女性（17-86 岁）中测量了 HbA1c。糖尿病和糖尿病前期的患病率分别为 13.5%和 38.5%。当使用 7.0%作为切点时，糖尿病的患病率为 5.8%。年龄增长、方便面和牛奶摄入以及素食（无统计学意义）与糖尿病风险增加相关。患有糖尿病的女性腰围较高，尽管差异无统计学意义。这些女性未受过教育（87.6%），只有 12%听说过糖尿病。总之，我们观察到尼泊尔农村女性的糖尿病和糖尿病前期患病率高于预期。风险增加主要归因于饮食因素。与尼泊尔的大多数先前研究不同，我们使用 HbA1c 作为诊断标准。
