Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 17;19(12):7442. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19127442.
Exposure to air pollutants may elevate the injury severity scores (ISSs) for road traffic injuries (RTIs). This multicenter cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the associations between air pollution, weather conditions, and RTI severity. This retrospective study was performed in Taiwan in 2018. The location of each road traffic accident (RTA) was used to determine the nearest air quality monitoring and weather station, and the time of each RTA was matched to the corresponding hourly air pollutant concentration and weather factors. Five multiple logistic regression models were used to compute the risk of sustaining severe injury (ISS ≥ 9). Of the 14,973 patients with RTIs, 2853 sustained severe injury. Moderate or unhealthy air quality index, higher exposure to particulate matter ≤2.5 μm in diameter, bicyclists or pedestrians, greater road width, nighttime, and higher temperature and relative humidity were significant risk factors for severe injury. Exposure to nitrogen oxide and ozone did not increase the risk. Auto occupants and scene-to-hospital time were the protective factors. Sensitivity analyses showed consistent results between air pollutants and the risk of severe injury. Poor air quality and hot and humid weather conditions were associated with severe RTIs. Active commuters were at higher risk of sustaining severe RTI.
暴露于空气污染物可能会增加道路交通伤害（RTIs）的损伤严重程度评分（ISSs）。这项多中心横断面研究旨在调查空气污染、天气条件与 RTI 严重程度之间的关联。这项回顾性研究于 2018 年在台湾进行。每个道路交通事故（RTA）的位置用于确定最近的空气质量监测和气象站，并且每个 RTA 的时间与相应的每小时空气污染物浓度和气象因素相匹配。使用五个多元逻辑回归模型来计算发生严重损伤（ISS≥9）的风险。在 14973 名 RTI 患者中，有 2853 名患者发生严重损伤。中度或不健康的空气质量指数、更高的细颗粒物（PM2.5）暴露水平、骑自行车或行人、更宽的道路、夜间、更高的温度和相对湿度是严重损伤的显著危险因素。暴露于氮氧化物和臭氧不会增加风险。汽车乘客和现场到医院的时间是保护因素。敏感性分析显示，空气污染物与严重 RTI 的风险之间存在一致的结果。空气质量差和炎热潮湿的天气条件与严重 RTIs 有关。积极的通勤者发生严重 RTI 的风险更高。
