Zdanowicz Agata, Urban Szymon, Ponikowska Barbara, Iwanek Gracjan, Zymliński Robert, Ponikowski Piotr, Biegus Jan
Institute of Heart Diseases, Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
Student Scientific Organization, Institute of Heart Diseases, Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
J Pers Med. 2022 May 29;12(6):898. doi: 10.3390/jpm12060898.
Heart failure is a major public health problem and, despite the constantly emerging, new, effective treatments, it remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Reliable tools for early diagnosis and risk stratification are crucial in the management of HF. This explains a growing interest in the development of new biomarkers related to various pathophysiological mechanisms of HF. In the course of this review, we focused on the markers of congestion and renal dysfunction in terms of their interference with cardiovascular homeostasis. Congestion is a hallmark feature of heart failure, contributing to symptoms, morbidity, and hospitalizations of patients with HF and has, therefore, become a therapeutic target in AHF. On the other hand, impaired renal function by altering the volume status contributes to the development and progression of HF and serves as a marker of an adverse clinical outcome. Early detection of congestion and an adequate assessment of renal status are essential for the prompt administration of patient-tailored therapy. This review provides an insight into recent advances in the field of HF biomarkers that could be potentially implemented in diagnosis and risk stratification of patients with HF.
心力衰竭是一个重大的公共卫生问题，尽管不断有新的有效治疗方法出现，但它仍然是发病和死亡的主要原因。可靠的早期诊断和风险分层工具对于心力衰竭的管理至关重要。这解释了人们对开发与心力衰竭各种病理生理机制相关的新生物标志物的兴趣日益浓厚。在本综述过程中，我们重点关注了充血和肾功能不全的标志物，因为它们会干扰心血管稳态。充血是心力衰竭的一个标志性特征，导致心力衰竭患者出现症状、发病和住院，因此已成为急性心力衰竭的治疗靶点。另一方面，肾功能受损通过改变容量状态促进心力衰竭的发生和发展，并作为不良临床结局的标志物。早期发现充血并充分评估肾脏状况对于及时给予个体化治疗至关重要。本综述深入探讨了心力衰竭生物标志物领域的最新进展，这些进展可能会应用于心力衰竭患者的诊断和风险分层。
