Zhang Yao, Li Yingying, Liang Sibo, Zheng Wei, Chen Xiuling, Liu Jiayin, Wang Aoxue
College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
Life (Basel). 2022 Jun 7;12(6):849. doi: 10.3390/life12060849.
Tomato damping-off and root rot are the two most common diseases of tomatoes at the seedling stage. At present, biological compound seed-coating agents are gradually replacing chemical agents in preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests, regulating plant growth, and ensuring crop yields. In this study, five biocontrol bacteria ( (Ba), (Bs wy-1), (WXCDD105), (WXCDD51), and (WZ-37)), with broad antibacterial spectra were mixed with auxiliary factors (inactive components of seed-coating agent) after fermentation to compound a seed-coating agent. In this study, the formula for a compound seed-coating agent was selected through orthogonal experiment. Gaseous silica was used as a thickener, and gum arabic and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate were used as a film-forming agent and dispersant, respectively. The mass of fumed silica, gum arabic, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and pearlescent powder was 1.3 g, 1 g, 0.05 g, and 0.5 g, respectively. Adding gibberellin can improve the ability of seed-coating agents to promote seed germination and plant growth. This showed high efficiency in preventing and controlling seedling diseases and promoting seedling growth. After 6 days of inoculation with , which caused tomato damping-off disease, the seedling mortality rate was 26.7% lower than that of the sterile water control, and 20% lower than that of carbendazim. After 21 days of inoculation with sp., which caused tomato root rot disease, the seedling mortality rate was 44.31% lower than that of the control, and 22.36% lower than that of carbendazim. The plant height, stem diameter, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight of tomato seeds treated with biological compound seed-coating agent were significantly higher than that of the control. We tested the shelf life of the biological compound seed-coating agent, and found that the effect of seed germination and radicle growth did not decrease. This research provides information on the production technology and application of biological seed-coating agents in tomato production.
番茄猝倒病和根腐病是番茄苗期最常见的两种病害。目前，生物复合种衣剂在防治植物病虫害、调节植物生长和保证作物产量方面正逐渐取代化学药剂。在本研究中，将5种具有广谱抗菌谱的生防细菌（Ba、Bs wy-1、WXCDD105、WXCDD51和WZ-37）发酵后与辅助因子（种衣剂的非活性成分）混合，配制种衣剂。本研究通过正交试验筛选复合种衣剂配方。气相二氧化硅用作增稠剂，阿拉伯胶和十二烷基苯磺酸钠分别用作成膜剂和分散剂。气相二氧化硅、阿拉伯胶、十二烷基苯磺酸钠和珠光粉的质量分别为1.3 g、1 g、0.05 g和0.5 g。添加赤霉素可提高种衣剂促进种子萌发和植物生长的能力。这表明其在防治苗期病害和促进幼苗生长方面具有高效性。接种引起番茄猝倒病的病菌6天后，幼苗死亡率比无菌水对照低26.7%，比多菌灵低20%。接种引起番茄根腐病的病菌21天后，幼苗死亡率比对照低44.31%，比多菌灵低22.36%。用生物复合种衣剂处理的番茄种子的株高、茎粗、根长、鲜重和干重均显著高于对照。我们测试了生物复合种衣剂的保质期，发现种子萌发和胚根生长的效果没有下降。本研究为生物种衣剂在番茄生产中的生产技术和应用提供了信息。
