在 COVID-19 大流行期间,超分割与中度分割全乳三维适形放疗比较。
Ultra-Hypofractionated vs. Moderate Fractionated Whole Breast Three Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
机构信息
Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Department for Radiation Oncology, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia.
出版信息
Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 May 30;58(6):745. doi: 10.3390/medicina58060745.
Background and Objectives: Reducing time of treatment during COVID-19 outbreaks has been recommended by the leading Radiation Oncology societies. Still minimizing radiation induced tissue toxicity is one of the most important issues in breast cancer patients. The study aimed to investigate compliance, clinical and dosimetry normal tissue toxicity, and cosmetic results between moderated and ultra-fractionated regimes for breast cancer patients during COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: This pilot prospective randomized study included 60 patients with early breast cancer after preserving surgery, 27 patients advocated to ultra-hypofractionated whole-breast three dimensional (3D) conformal radiotherapy of 26 Gy in 5 fractions over 1 week and 33 patients with moderate fractionated breast 3D conformal radiotherapy patients between March 2020 and July 2020, during the COVID pandemic outbreak. The compliance to treatment, dosimetric parameters, acute and late skin toxicity, subcutaneous tissue toxicity, cosmetic results and clinical follow up for 18 months for the two regimes were analyzed and compared. Results: When two regimes were compared 5 fraction group had significantly lower prevalence of newly infected cases of SARS-CoV-2 and thus delayed/interrupted treatment (p = 0.05), comparable grade 1 CTCAE v5, acute skin toxicity (p = 0.18), Grade 1 Radiation Morbidity Scoring Scheme (RESS) subcutaneous tissue toxicity (p = 0.18), Grade 1 RESS late skin toxicity (p = 0.88) and cosmetic results (p = 0.46). Dosimetric results reveled that patients in 5 fraction group received significantly lower median ipsilateral lung doses (p < 0.01) in addition to left breast cancer patients that received significantly lower median heart dose (p < 0.01) and median left anterior descending artery (LAD) dose (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy for breast cancer is comparable to moderate hypofractionation regimen regarding grade 1 acute skin toxicity, grade 1 subcutaneous tissue toxicity, late skin toxicity and cosmetic results. Application of ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy with significantly lower radiation doses for lung and heart could be crucial in reducing the risk of acute/late pulmonary and heart radiation-induced toxicity.
背景与目的
主要的放射肿瘤学会建议在 COVID-19 爆发期间减少治疗时间。然而,最大限度地减少放射诱导的组织毒性仍然是乳腺癌患者最重要的问题之一。本研究旨在调查 COVID-19 大流行期间乳腺癌患者接受适度和超分割治疗方案的依从性、临床和剂量学正常组织毒性以及美容效果。
材料与方法
这项前瞻性随机研究纳入了 60 例保乳手术后的早期乳腺癌患者,其中 27 例患者接受了每周 5 次,共 26Gy 的超分割全乳三维(3D)适形放疗,33 例患者接受了中度分割的乳腺癌 3D 适形放疗。分析比较了两种方案的治疗依从性、剂量学参数、急性和迟发性皮肤毒性、皮下组织毒性、美容效果和 18 个月的临床随访结果。
结果
与两种方案相比,5 分制组 SARS-CoV-2 新感染病例明显较少,因此治疗延迟/中断(p = 0.05),1 级 CTCAE v5 急性皮肤毒性相当(p = 0.18),1 级放射性发病率评分方案(RESS)皮下组织毒性(p = 0.18),1 级 RESS 迟发性皮肤毒性(p = 0.88)和美容效果(p = 0.46)。剂量学结果显示,5 分制组患者的同侧肺中位剂量明显降低(p < 0.01),左乳腺癌患者的心脏中位剂量和左前降支(LAD)中位剂量也明显降低(p < 0.01)。
结论
与中度分割放疗方案相比,乳腺癌的超分割放疗在 1 级急性皮肤毒性、1 级皮下组织毒性、迟发性皮肤毒性和美容效果方面具有可比性。应用肺和心脏的显著低剂量超分割放疗可能对降低急性/迟发性肺和心脏放射性毒性风险至关重要。