Ma Kun, Wang Yingcheng, Jin Xin, Zhao Yangan, Yan Huilin, Zhang Haijuan, Zhou Xueli, Lu Guangxin, Deng Ye
Collage of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
Experimental Station of Grassland Improvement in Qinghai Province, Gonghe 813000, Qinghai, China.
Microorganisms. 2022 Jun 2;10(6):1148. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10061148.
The effects of organic fertilizer application on the soil microbial community in grassland systems have been extensively studied. However, the effects of organic fertilizers on the structure of rhizosphere microbial communities are still limited. In this study, the diversity and composition of rhizosphere microbial communities of a gramineous grass under organic fertilizer treatment were studied in an artificial pasture on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. After a growing season, the application of organic fertilizer not only increased the height and biomass of , but also changed the rhizosphere microbial compositions. In particular, organic fertilizer increased the diversity of rhizosphere bacterial community and inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as , but the opposite trend was observed for the diversity of fungal community. The assembly process of fungal community was changed from a stochastic process to a deterministic process, indicating that selection was strengthened. Additionally, both the infection rate of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) toward host plants and the development of AMF-related structures were significantly increased after the application of organic fertilizer. Our study demonstrated that the addition of organic fertilizer to artificial pasture could improve the growth of grass through the alteration of the rhizosphere microbial communities. Organic fertilizer had a greater selectivity for the bacterial and the fungal communities that enhanced the niche filtration in this community, further benefiting the yield of forages.
有机肥施用对草地系统土壤微生物群落的影响已得到广泛研究。然而，有机肥对根际微生物群落结构的影响仍然有限。在本研究中，在青藏高原的人工牧场上研究了有机肥处理下一种禾本科牧草根际微生物群落的多样性和组成。经过一个生长季节，施用有机肥不仅增加了该牧草的高度和生物量，还改变了根际微生物组成。特别是，有机肥增加了根际细菌群落的多样性并抑制了诸如[具体病原菌名称未给出]等病原菌的生长，但真菌群落多样性呈现相反趋势。真菌群落的组装过程从随机过程转变为确定性过程，表明选择作用增强。此外，施用有机肥后，丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）对宿主植物的感染率以及AMF相关结构的发育均显著增加。我们的研究表明，在人工牧场中添加有机肥可通过改变根际微生物群落来促进牧草生长。有机肥对细菌和真菌群落具有更大的选择性，增强了该群落中的生态位过滤作用，进而有利于牧草产量的提高。
