Sotelo Diana C, Ornelas-Soto Nancy, Osma Johann F
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia.
Laboratorio de Nanotecnología Ambiental, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Jun 8;14(12):2328. doi: 10.3390/polym14122328.
In this work, five different magnetic biofilters, containing magnetic nanoparticles (142 nm), immobilized laccase on nanoparticles (190 nm) and permanent magnetic elements, such as neodymium magnets and metallic meshes, were designed, manufactured and tested. The five types of filters were compared by measuring the decolorization of Congo Red dye inside bioreactors, the half-life of the filters and the amount of magnetic nanoparticle and enzyme lost during multiple cycles of operation. Filters containing laccase immobilized on magnetite (Laccase-magnetite), permanent magnets and metallic mesh presented the highest Congo Red decolorization (27%) and the largest half-life among all types of filters (seven cycles). The overall dye decolorization efficiencies were 5%, 13%, 17%, 23%, and 27% for the paper filter, paper filter with magnetite, paper filter with Laccase-magnetite, paper filter with Laccase-magnetite with magnets and paper filter with Laccase-magnetite with magnets and metallic mesh, respectively. Although the highest losses of magnetite occurred when using the filters containing magnets (57 mg), the use of permanent magnetic elements in the filters increased the half-life of the filter three-fold compared to the filters without enzymatic properties and two-fold compared to the filters with Laccase-magnetite. Results indicate that the novel use of permanent magnetic elements improved the nanoparticle retention in the filters and promoted the mass transfer between the dye and the biocatalyst to enhance wastewater treatment.
在这项工作中，设计、制造并测试了五种不同的磁性生物滤器，它们包含磁性纳米颗粒（142纳米）、固定在纳米颗粒上的漆酶（190纳米）以及钕磁铁和金属网等永磁元件。通过测量生物反应器内刚果红染料的脱色情况、滤器的半衰期以及在多次运行循环中损失的磁性纳米颗粒和酶的量，对这五种类型的滤器进行了比较。含有固定在磁铁矿上的漆酶（漆酶 - 磁铁矿）、永磁体和金属网的滤器在所有类型的滤器中呈现出最高的刚果红脱色率（27%）和最长的半衰期（七个循环）。纸质滤器、含磁铁矿的纸质滤器、含漆酶 - 磁铁矿的纸质滤器、含漆酶 - 磁铁矿和磁铁的纸质滤器以及含漆酶 - 磁铁矿、磁铁和金属网的纸质滤器的总体染料脱色效率分别为5%、13%、17%、23%和27%。尽管在使用含磁铁的滤器时磁铁矿的损失最高（57毫克），但在滤器中使用永磁元件使滤器的半衰期相比没有酶促特性的滤器增加了两倍，相比含漆酶 - 磁铁矿的滤器增加了一倍。结果表明，永磁元件的新应用提高了纳米颗粒在滤器中的保留率，并促进了染料与生物催化剂之间的传质，从而增强了废水处理效果。
