Chaiyakunapruk Nathorn, Song Dayoung, Lynch Julia, Kim Jerome H, Dilokthornsakul Piyameth, Chotpitayasunondh Tawee, Mogasale Vittal
Department of Pharmacotherapy, University of Utah College of Pharmacy, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
IDEAS Center, Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Healthcare System, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Jun 15;10(6):950. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10060950.
Background: Understanding the public health value of a vaccine at an early stage of development helps in valuing and prioritizing the investment needed. Here we present the potential cost-effectiveness of an upcoming 12 valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV 12) in the case study country, Thailand. Methods: The cost-effectiveness analysis included a hypothetical scenario of three doses (2 + 1 regimen) PCV12 introduction in the national immunization program of Thailand compared to no PCV, PCV10, and PCV13 among <6 months old from a societal perspective with a lifetime horizon and one-year cycle length. Data from Thailand, as well as assumptions supported by the literature, were used in the analysis. The price of PCV12 was assumed similar to that of PCV10 or PCV13 for GAVI’s eligible countries based on inputs from stakeholder meeting. A one-way sensitivity analysis was conducted using 0.5−1.5 times the base price of PCV12. Results were presented in incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) in terms of monetary value per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. Results: Vaccination with PCV12 among a hypothetical cohort of 100,000 Thai children is expected to avert a total of 5358 cases which includes 5 pneumococcal meningitis, 43 pneumococcal bacteremia, 5144 all-cause pneumonia, and 166 all-cause acute otitis media compared to no vaccination. The national PCV12 vaccination program is a cost-saving strategy compared to the other three strategies. The one-way sensitivity analysis showed PCV12 is a cost-saving strategy when 1.5 times the base price of PCV12 was assumed. Conclusions: Within the limitations of hypothetical assumptions and price points incorporated, the study indicates the potential public health value of PCV12 in Thailand.
在疫苗研发的早期阶段了解其公共卫生价值有助于评估所需投资并确定投资优先级。在此，我们展示即将推出的12价肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV 12）在案例研究国家泰国的潜在成本效益。方法：成本效益分析包括一个假设情景，即从社会角度、以终身为时间跨度、以一年为周期长度，比较在泰国国家免疫规划中为6个月以下儿童引入三剂（2 + 1方案）PCV12与不接种PCV、PCV10和PCV13的情况。分析中使用了来自泰国的数据以及文献支持的假设。根据利益相关者会议的意见，假设PCV12的价格与全球疫苗免疫联盟（GAVI）合格国家的PCV10或PCV13价格相似。使用PCV12基础价格的0.5至1.5倍进行单向敏感性分析。结果以每获得一个质量调整生命年（QALY）的货币价值的增量成本效益比（ICER）呈现。结果：与不接种疫苗相比，假设的100,000名泰国儿童队列接种PCV12预计可避免总共5358例病例，其中包括5例肺炎球菌脑膜炎、43例肺炎球菌菌血症、5144例全因性肺炎和166例全因性急性中耳炎。与其他三种策略相比，国家PCV12疫苗接种计划是一种节省成本的策略。单向敏感性分析表明，当假设PCV12基础价格的1.5倍时，PCV12是一种节省成本的策略。结论：在纳入的假设和价格点的局限性范围内，该研究表明PCV12在泰国具有潜在的公共卫生价值。
