Baessler Franziska, Zafar Ali, Mengler Katharina, Natus Ricarda Nadine, Dutt Anne Josephine, Kuhlmann Manuel, Çinkaya Emre, Hennes Simon
Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of General Internal and Psychosomatic Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Thibautstraße 4, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany.
Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Karlstraße 4, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Jun 19;10(6):975. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10060975.
The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the need for improving public confidence in vaccines. Academic gaps and redundancies on vaccinations must be identified to revise the medical curriculum for up-to-date training of medical students. This cross-sectional survey assessed the status of vaccine-related teaching in general and specific to COVID-19 in medical schools across Germany. A total of 4313 medical students completed a questionnaire comprising items on national learning goals and perceived needs for teaching on vaccinations. Mixed methods were used to analyse data quantitatively for relative frequencies (%) and correlations between teaching items and semesters (Spearman’s rho), and qualitatively (content analysis). Our findings showed that 38.92% of the students were dissatisfied with teaching on vaccine-preventable diseases, but the perceived satisfaction increased in later semesters (r = 0.46, p < 0.001). Moreover, 75.84% and 68.15% of the students were dissatisfied with teaching related to vaccine scepticism and vaccine-related communication strategies, respectively. Furthermore, 63.79% reported dissatisfaction with teaching on COVID-19 disease and 72.93% with teaching on COVID-19 vaccines. A total of 79.12% stated they educated others on COVID-19 and its vaccines and 75.14% felt responsible to do so. A majority of the medical students were dissatisfied with teaching on dealing with vaccine scepticism, communication strategies and COVID-19 vaccines. We recommend practice-oriented vaccine education, especially for teaching communication skills to medical students.
新冠疫情凸显了提高公众对疫苗信心的必要性。必须找出疫苗接种方面的学术差距和冗余内容，以修订医学课程，为医学生提供最新培训。这项横断面调查评估了德国各医学院校疫苗相关教学的总体情况，以及针对新冠病毒的特定教学情况。共有4313名医学生完成了一份问卷，其中包括有关国家学习目标以及对接种疫苗教学的感知需求的项目。采用混合方法对数据进行定量分析，以得出相对频率（%）以及教学项目与学期之间的相关性（斯皮尔曼等级相关系数），并进行定性分析（内容分析）。我们的研究结果表明，38.92%的学生对疫苗可预防疾病的教学不满意，但在后续学期中，感知到的满意度有所提高（r = 0.46，p < 0.001）。此外，分别有75.84%和68.15%的学生对与疫苗怀疑论和疫苗相关沟通策略有关的教学不满意。此外，63.79%的学生表示对新冠疾病的教学不满意，72.93%的学生对新冠疫苗的教学不满意。共有79.12%的学生表示他们向他人宣传新冠病毒及其疫苗，75.14%的学生觉得自己有责任这样做。大多数医学生对处理疫苗怀疑论、沟通策略和新冠疫苗方面的教学不满意。我们建议开展以实践为导向的疫苗教育，尤其是向医学生传授沟通技巧。
