Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Experimental Center for Basic Medical Teaching, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Viruses. 2022 Jun 2;14(6):1213. doi: 10.3390/v14061213.
Flaviviruses cause a spectrum of potentially severe diseases. Most flaviviruses are transmitted by mosquitoes or ticks and are widely distributed all over the world. Among them, several mosquito-borne flaviviruses are co-epidemic, and the similarity of their antigenicity creates abundant cross-reactive immune responses which complicate their prevention and control. At present, only effective vaccines against yellow fever and Japanese encephalitis have been used clinically, while the optimal vaccines against other flavivirus diseases are still under development. The antibody-dependent enhancement generated by cross-reactive immune responses against different serotypes of dengue virus makes the development of the dengue fever vaccine a bottleneck. It has been proposed that the cross-reactive immunity elicited by prior infection of mosquito-borne flavivirus could also affect the outcome of the subsequent infection of heterologous flavivirus. In this review, we focused on five medically important flaviviruses, and rearranged and recapitulated their cross-reactive immunity in detail from the perspectives of serological experiments in vitro, animal experiments in vivo, and human cohort studies. We look forward to providing references and new insights for the research of flavivirus vaccines and specific prevention.
黄病毒可引起一系列潜在严重疾病。大多数黄病毒通过蚊子或蜱传播，广泛分布于世界各地。其中，一些蚊媒黄病毒呈共同流行，其抗原性的相似性造成了丰富的交叉反应性免疫应答，从而使这些病毒的预防和控制变得复杂。目前，临床上仅使用针对黄热病和日本脑炎的有效疫苗，而针对其他黄病毒病的最佳疫苗仍在开发中。针对不同血清型登革热病毒的交叉反应性免疫应答产生的抗体依赖性增强作用使登革热疫苗的开发成为一个瓶颈。据提出，蚊媒黄病毒先前感染引起的交叉反应性免疫也可能影响随后感染异源黄病毒的结果。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注了五种具有重要医学意义的黄病毒，并从体外血清学实验、体内动物实验和人群队列研究等方面详细阐述了它们的交叉反应性免疫。我们期待为黄病毒疫苗和特定预防的研究提供参考和新的见解。
