Arthropod-Borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 3195 Rampart Rd., Delivery Code 1690, Foothills Campus, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1690, USA.
Viruses. 2022 Jun 8;14(6):1244. doi: 10.3390/v14061244.
Studies of the epidemiology of arthropod-borne viruses are based on understanding whether a given virus is found in a particular location or locations, how prevalent the virus is in that area, which vertebrate hosts serve as reservoirs of the virus, the relationship between the size of the populations of these reservoirs and the prevalence of the virus and, of course, whether the virus causes human, livestock, or wildlife diseases, as well as other characteristics. However, seasonal conditions fluctuate, annual conditions fluctuate, human impacts alter the environment, and the habitat and ecosystems naturally change. Because these parameters provide a more encompassing view of the natural history of a virus, it is important to recognize that point prevalence studies comprise only a single view of the situation and that longitudinal studies are required to obtain a more complete and useful understanding of the natural history of the virus. This paper provides details as to whether and how to conduct such studies.
对节肢动物传播病毒的流行病学研究，是以了解某种特定病毒是否存在于特定地点或多个地点、该病毒在该地区的流行程度、哪些脊椎动物宿主是该病毒的储存宿主、这些储存宿主的种群规模与病毒流行率之间的关系，以及病毒是否导致人类、牲畜或野生动物疾病以及其他特征为基础。然而，季节性条件波动、年度条件波动、人类影响改变环境以及栖息地和生态系统自然变化。由于这些参数提供了对病毒自然史的更全面的了解，因此重要的是要认识到，点流行率研究仅代表对情况的单一看法，需要进行纵向研究，才能更全面和有用地了解病毒的自然史。本文详细介绍了如何进行此类研究。
